Chapter 4

Question 1

What are descriptive statistics?

Answer 1

Methods of summarizing the data in an informative way.

Question 2

What are measures of central tendency?

Answer 2

Mean, median, mode.

Question 3

What are measures of dispersion?

Answer 3

Range, standard deviation, variance, interquartile range.

Question 4

What are inferential statistics?

Answer 4

Methods to draw conclusions.

Question 5

Which 5 types of inferential statistics are there?

Answer 5

Mean difference,
Chi-square,
Analysis of variance,
Regression analysis,
Logit analysis.

Question 6

Which four statistical techniques are there?

Answer 6

Ratio,
Interval,
Ordinal,
Nominal.

Question 7

When do you use an Chi-square test?

Answer 7

Independent: Nominal/Ordinal
Dependent: Nominal/Ordinal

Question 8

When doe you use an T-test or ANOVA?

Answer 8

Independent: Nominal/Ordinal
Dependent: Interval/Ratio

Question 9

When do you use an Logit analysis?

Answer 9

Independent: Interval/Ratio
Dependent: Nominal/Ordinal

Question 10

When do you use an Regression analysis?

Answer 10

Independent: Interval/Ratio
Dependent: Interval/Ratio

Question 11

Which four steps make up the sampling process?

Answer 11

1, define the population
2, determine the sampling frame
3, determine the sampling design,
4, determine sample size

Question 12

What is an sampling frame?

Answer 12

Physical representation of the target population.

Question 13

Which two coverage errors are there?

Answer 13

Under-coverage,

Miss-coverage.

Question 14

Which solutions to coverage errors are there?

Answer 14

If small do nothing,

If large redefine population.

Question 15

Which two types of sampling designs are there?

Answer 15

Probability sampling,

Non-probabilty sampling.

Question 16

What is probability sampling?

Answer 16

When each element of the population has a known change of being selected as a subject.

Question 17

What is non-probability sampling?

Answer 17

When the elements of the population do not have a known change of being selected.

Question 18

Why use/don’t use probability sampling?

Answer 18

Results generalizable to population,

More time and resource intensive.

Question 19

Why use/don’t use non-probability sampling?

Answer 19

Less time and resource intensive,

Results not generalizable to population.

Question 20

Which four types of probability sampling are there?

Answer 20

1, Simple random sampling
2, Systematic sampling
3, Stratified sampling
4, Cluster sampling

Question 21

Which four types of non-probability sampling are there?

Answer 21

1, Convenience sampling
2, Quota sampling
3, Judgment sampling
4, Snowball sampling

Question 22

What is systematic sampling?

Answer 22

Pick every .. element.

Question 23

What is stratified sampling?

Answer 23

Divide population in equal groups then apply SRS.

Question 24

What is Simple random sampling?

Answer 24

Each population element has an equal chance of being choosen.

Question 25

What is Cluster sampling?

Answer 25

Divide population in unequal groups and randomly select number of groups.

Question 26

What is Convenience sampling?

Answer 26

Select subjects who are available.

Question 27

What is Quoata sampling?

Answer 27

Fixed quota for each subgroup.

Question 28

What is Judgment sampling?

Answer 28

Select subjects on their knowledge.

Question 29

What is Snowball sampling?

Answer 29

Do you know anyone who?

Question 30

What is the rule of thumb for sample size?

Answer 30

75 till 500 people.

Question 31

How many parameters for multivariate research?

Answer 31

10 or more

Question 32

How many people for subsamples?

Answer 32

Between 20 and 30.

Question 33

Likert and Semantic differential are threated as?

Answer 33

Interval scales.

Question 34

What is under-coverage?

Answer 34

True population members are excluded.

Question 35

What is miss-coverage?

Answer 35

Non-population members are included