Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

an unsaturated hydrocarbon contains one or more … or …

A

C-C double or triple bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the term unsaturation indicates that … are bonded to C than in an alkane

A

fewer hydrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

alkenes contain a … and, with one double bond and no rings, have the general formula ..

A

C-C doulbe bond; CnH2n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A group derived by removal of an H from an arene is called an … group and is given the symbol …

A

aryl; Ar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when the aryl group substituent on a parent chain is a benzene ring, it is given the special name ..

A

phenyl group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the three double bonds in a six membered ring create a special stabilization called …, which lowers the reactivity of benzene relative to other alkenes

A

aromaticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In other alkenes, deviations from the predicted angle of 120 degrees may be somewhat larger because of the … introduced by … created by groups bonded to the C of the double bond

A

strain; nonbonded interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the index of hydrogen deficiency is the sum of the number of … and … in a molecule

A

rings; pi bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

index of hydrogen deficiency =

A

(Hreference - Hmolecule)/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(index of H) replace each monovalent atom of halogens with … hydrogen; halogen substitutes for hydrogen and reduces the number of hydrogens by one per halogen.

A

one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(index of H) no correction is necessary for the addition of divalent atoms of … elements. They don’t change the number of hydrogens

A

group 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(index of H) for each atom of a trivalent group 5 element, …

A

add one hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

for the unhybridized 2p orbitals to be parallel, thus giving maximum overlap, the two Cs of the double bond an the four bonded atoms must

A

lie in a plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

rotation about a C-C double bond … under normal conditions

A

does not occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

whereas rotation about the C-C single bond is relatively free, rotation about the C-C double bond is

A

severely restricted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

because of restricted rotation about a C-C double bond, any alkene in which each carbon of the double bond has two different groups bonded to it shows

A

cis, trans isomerism

17
Q

cis alkenes with double bonds in open chains are .. than their trans isomers because of … between alkyl substituents on the same side of the double bond

A

less stable; steric strain

18
Q

To form IUPAC names for alkenes, change the -an- infix of the parent alkane to

19
Q

(IUPAC naming rules for alkenes)
1. number the longest carbon chain that contains the double bond in the direction that gives the … the lowest possible numbers

A

Cs of the double bond

20
Q

(IUPAC naming rules for alkenes) 2. indicate the location of the double bond by the … of its first carbon

21
Q

(IUPAC naming rules for alkenes) 3. name branched or substituted alkenes in a manner similar to alkanes
4. number the carbon atoms, locate and name …, locate the double bond, and name the …

A

substituent groups; main chain

22
Q

methylene:
a … group
vinyl: a … group
allyl: a … group

A

CH2=; CH2=CH-H-; CH2=CHCH2-

23
Q

CH2=CH2: …
CH3CH=CH2: …

    CH3 CH3C=CH2: ...
A

ethylene; propylene; isobutylene

24
Q

for more complex alkenes, the orientation of the atoms of the parent chain determines whether the alkene is

A

cis or trans

25
The E, Z system uses the priority rules of the ... to assign priority to the substituents on each carbon of a ...
R,S system; double bond
26
if the groups of higher priority are on the same side of the double bond, the configuration of the alkene is ... If they are on opposite sides of the double bond, the alkene is ...
Z; E
27
In naming cyclocalkenes, the carbon atoms of the ring double bond are numbered 1 and 2 in the direction that gives the substituent encountered first the ... The 1 C, though, starts at the ...
smaller number; double bond
28
To date, trans-cyclooctene is the smallest trans cycloalkene that has been prepared in ... form and is ... at room temperature. Trans cycloalkenes are not very ...
pure; stable; stable
29
a bridgehead carbon is a carbon that is contained in both ... of the hydrocarbon
rings
30
for alkenes containing two or more doulbe bonds, the infix -en- is changed to .., .., and so on. Those alkenes that contain several double bonds are also referred to more generally as ...
-adien-; -atrien-; polyenes
31
For an alkene with n C-C double bonds, each of which can show cis, trans isomerism, ... stereoisomers are possible
2^n
32
the only attractive forces between alkene molecules, which are nonpolar, are ...
dispersion forces
33
alkenes are insoluble in water but soluble in ..., in other ... liquids, and in ...
each other; nonpolar organic; ethanol