Chapter 5

Question 1

All anxiety disorders have what in common?

Answer 1

Unrealistic fears or anxieties of disabling intensities as their principle manifestation

Question 2

What are the anxiety disorder types recognized by the DSM-5?

Answer 2

Specific phobia, social anxiety, panic, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety

Question 3

Biological causal factors of anxiety disorders could include:

Answer 3

Predisposition to neuroticism, brain structure disorders (limbic system), neurotransmitter levels (gamma acid, adrenaline, serotonin)

Question 4

Psychological causal factors of anxiety could include:

Answer 4

Conditioning of fear/panic to a range of stimuli

Question 5

We are more likely to acquire phobias to those things that…

Answer 5

we SHOULD be afraid of already.

Question 6

Phobia

Answer 6

Persistent and disproportionate fear for some specific object that presents little or no actual danger

Question 7

What are the three types of phobias?

Answer 7

Specific
Biological
Social

Question 8

Specific phobias can include…

Answer 8

Animals, natural envoronment, effluvia (blood injection), situational (train), other (clowns)

Question 9

What can cause specific phobias?

Answer 9

Mirror neuron theory/referred fear from ID

Question 10

Carriers of one of two variants on what gene shows superior fear conditioning?

Answer 10

Serotonin-transporter gene

Question 11

What can treatments for specific phobias include?

Answer 11

Systematic desensitization, participant modeling, virtual reality, cognitive techniques

Question 12

Social phobias stem from…

Answer 12

Fear of exposure to scrutiny

Question 13

Causal factors of social phobias can be…

Answer 13

Learned through early negative social experiences/evolutionary due to us being sensitive to what other’s think/cognitive biases towards negative experiences/uncontrollability

Question 14

What points to a biological cause of social phobia?

Answer 14

Phobias show up very early, prenatal kicking correlated with extroversion

Question 15

What methods are used to treat social phobias?

Answer 15

Cognitive therapy (mirrors feat. Smalley), behavior therapy (focus diversion), medications (MAOI/SSRI very effective)

Question 16

Agoraphobia

Answer 16

Fear involving being outside the home

Question 17

How long must agoraphobia be present for diagnosis?

Answer 17

6+months

Question 18

What can be used to treat agoraphobia?

Answer 18

Benzos, behavior therapy, cognitive-behavioral treatments

Question 19

What percentage of people with a panic disorder have at least one comorbid disorder?

Answer 19

`83%

Question 20

Generalized anxiety disorder is marked by what?

Answer 20

State of chronic worry, restlessness, poor concentration, and easy fatigue

Question 21

OCD is classified based on…

Answer 21

types of obsessions/compulsions

Question 22

Obsessions…

Answer 22

Contamination fears, harming self or others, lack of symmetry, sexual obsessions, etc.

Question 23

Compulstions…

Answer 23

cleaning, checking, repeating, ordering, counting

Question 24

Fulfilling compulsions does what for the client?

Answer 24

Helps to bring a sense of peace

Question 25

What are the psychological causes of OCD?

Answer 25

Classical conditioning, preparedness theory

Question 26

PET scans show what about those with OCD?

Answer 26

Abnormally high levels of activity in two parts of the frontal cortex and subcortical caudate nucleus

Question 27

What are the treatments for OCD?

Answer 27

Exposure/response prevention, drugs

Question 28

BDD causes what?

Answer 28

Imagined laws in appearance

Question 29

BDD affects…

Answer 29

Both genders equally

Question 30

How is BDD treated?

Answer 30

Through CBT