Chapter 5

Question 1

At conception you received ____ chromosomes from your mother and ____ from your father. Of these ____ chromosomes, _____ are unisex - the same for males and females

Answer 1

23
23
45

Question 2

What is gender?

Answer 2

The socially constructed roldes and characteristics by which a culture defines male and female

Question 3

Define aggression

Answer 3

Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone

Question 4

Our biology may influence our gender differences in two ways

Answer 4

1) By our differing sex chromosomes

2) Physiologically from our differing concentrations of sex hormones

Question 5

What is the X chromosome?

Answer 5

The sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have two X chromosomes; males have one. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child

Question 6

What is the Y chromosome?

Answer 6

The sex chromosome found ONLY in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child

Question 7

Testosterone is?

Answer 7

The most important of the male sex hormones. Both males & females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty

Question 8

The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing

Answer 8

Puberty

Question 9

What are the primary sex characteristics?

Answer 9

The body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible

Question 10

What are the secondary sex characteristics?

Answer 10

Nonreproductive sexual traits, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality, and body hair

Question 11

What is menarche

Answer 11

The first menstrual period

Question 12

The Y chromosome includes a?

Answer 12

Single gene which, about seven weeks after conception, throws a master switch triggering the testes to develop and to produce the principle male hormone, testosterone. This hormone starts the development of external male sex organs.

Question 13

Intersex individuals are born with?

Answer 13

Intermediate or unusual combinations of male and female physical features

Question 14

In psychology, a role refers to?

Answer 14

A cluster of prescribed actions, the behaviors we expect of those who occupy a particular social position

Question 15

A set of expected behaviors for males or for females

Answer 15

Gender roles

Question 16

Shemas are

Answer 16

Concepts that help make sense of the world

Question 17

Gender shemas

Answer 17

Framework for organizing boy-girl characteristics

Question 18

Gender identity and gender expression

Answer 18

Gender identity: Sense of being male or female

Gender expression: Communication of gender identity through behavior or appearance

Question 19

What are gender roles, and what do their variations tell us about our human capacity for learning and adaptation?

Answer 19

Gender roles are sets of expected behaviors for females or for males. Gender roles vary widely in different cultures, which is proof that we are very capable of learning and adapting to the social demands of different environments

Question 20

Hormones influence us at many points in the life span

Answer 20

1) During the prenatal period, they direct our development as males or females
2) During puberty, a sex hormone surge ushers us into adolescence
3) After puberty and well into the late adult years, sex hormones activate sexual behavior

Question 21

The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

Answer 21

Social learning theory

Question 22

What is gender typing?

Answer 22

The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine roles

Question 23

An umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth sex

Answer 23

Transgender