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Med Terms > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

0
Q

Small building blocks of proteins

A

Amino acids

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1
Q

Passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream

A

Absorption

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2
Q

Enzyme secreted by pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch

A

Amylase

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3
Q

Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder
Breaks up fat

A

Bile

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4
Q

Pigment released by the liver in bile

A

Bilirubin

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5
Q

Intestine.

A

Bowel

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6
Q

First part of the lg intestine

A

Cecum

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7
Q

Lg intestine: ascending, descending, transverse and sigmoid segments

A

Colon

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8
Q

Carries bile from liver and gallbladder to duodenum

A

Common bile duct

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9
Q

Swallowing

A

Deglutition

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10
Q

Primary part of teeth

A

Dentin

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11
Q

First part of the sm intestine

A

Duodenum

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12
Q

Physical process of breaking down large fats into smaller globules- increases surface area enzymes can use to digest the fat

A

Emulsification

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13
Q

Hard, outermost layer of the tooth

A

Enamel

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14
Q

Substances produced when fats are digested

A

Fatty acids

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15
Q

Substance produced by the stomach necessary for digestion

A

HCL

Hydrochloric acid

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16
Q

Third part of sm intestine

A

Ileum

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17
Q

One of the four front teeth in dental arch

A

Incisor

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18
Q

Second part of sm intestine

A

Jejunum

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19
Q

Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats

A

Lipase

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20
Q

Stores sugar, iron and vitamins
Produces blood proteins
Filters toxins

A

Liver

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21
Q

Muscle ring between esophagus and stomach

A

Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

Cardiac sphincter

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22
Q

Chewing

A

Mastication

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23
Q

Roof of mouth

A

Palate

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24
Q

Small elevations on the tongue

A

Papillae

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25
Q

Salivary gland within the cheek

A

Parotid gland

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26
Q

Rhythmic contractions of tubular organs

Moves food through gastrointestinal tract

A

Peristalsis

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27
Q

Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines

A

Portal vein

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28
Q

Enzyme that digests protein

A

Protease

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29
Q

Soft tissue within a tooth- contains nerves and blood vessels

A

Pulp

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30
Q

Ring of muscle at end of the stomach

Normally closed- opens with peristalsis

A

Pyloric sphincter

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31
Q

Distal region of stomach- opening to duodenum

A

Pylorus

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32
Q

Connects colon to anus

A

Rectum

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33
Q

Ridges on hard palate and wall of stomach

A

Rugae

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34
Q

Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular

A

Salivary glands

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35
Q

Fourth and last section of colon- just before rectum

A

Sigmoid colon

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36
Q

Fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acid and one part glycerol

A

Triglycerides

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37
Q

Soft tissue hanging from middle of soft palate

A

Uvula

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38
Q

Microscopic projections in the wall of the sm intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodsteam

A

Villi

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39
Q

Anus

A

An/o

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40
Q

Appendix

A

Append/o

Appendic/o

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41
Q

Cheek

A

Bucc/o

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42
Q

Cecum

A

Cec/o

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43
Q

Belly, abdomen

A

Celi/o

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44
Q

Lip

A

Cheil/o

Labi/o

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45
Q

Gallbladder

A

Cholecyst/o

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46
Q

Common bile duct

A

Choledoch/o

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47
Q

Colon

A

Col/o

Colon/o

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48
Q

Duodenum

A

Duoden/o

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49
Q

Intestines, usually small intestine

A

Enter/o

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50
Q

Esophagus

A

Esophag/o

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51
Q

Face

A

Faci/o

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52
Q

Stomach

A

Gastr/o

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53
Q

Gums

A

Gingiv/o

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54
Q

Liver

A

Hepat/o

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55
Q

Ileum

A

Ile/o

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56
Q

Jejunum

A

Jejun/o

57
Q

Abdomen

A

Lapar/o

58
Q

Tongue

A

Lingu/o

Gloss/o

59
Q

Lower jaw, mandible

A

Mandibul/o

60
Q

Tooth

A

Odont/o

Dent/i

61
Q

Palate

A

Palat/o

62
Q

Pancreas

A

Pancreat/o

63
Q

Peritoneum

A

Peritone/o

64
Q

Throat

A

Pharyng/o

65
Q

Anus and rectum

A

Proct/o

66
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Pylor/o

67
Q

Rectum

A

Rect/o

68
Q

Salivary gland

A

Sialaden/o

69
Q

Sigmoid colon

A

Sigmoid/o

70
Q

Mouth

A

Stomat/o

Or/o

71
Q

Uvula

A

Uvul/o

72
Q

Starch

A

Amyl/o

73
Q

Gall, bile

A

Bil/i

Chol/e

74
Q

Bilirubin

A

Bilirubin/o

75
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Chlorhydr/o

76
Q

Sugar

A

Gluc/o

Glyc/o

77
Q

Glycogen, animal starch

A

Glycogen/o

78
Q

Fat, lipid

A

Lip/o

79
Q

Stone

A

Lith/o

80
Q

Protein

A

Prote/o

81
Q

Pus

A

Py/o

82
Q

Saliva, salivary

A

Sial/o

83
Q

Fat

A

Steat/o

84
Q

Enzyme (suffix)

A

-ase

85
Q

Defecation, elimination of waste (suffix)

A

-chezia

86
Q

Abnormal condition

A

-iasis

87
Q

Meal (suffix)

A

-prandial

88
Q

Lack of Hydrochloric acid

A

Achlorhydria

89
Q

Any surgical connection between two parts, such as vessels, ducts, or bowel segments

A

Anastomosis

90
Q

Lining of the cheek

A

Buccal mucosa

91
Q

abnormal conditions of lips

A

Cheilosis

92
Q

Removal of gallbladder

A

Cholecystectomy

93
Q

After meal

A

Post prandial

94
Q

Part of double fold of peritoneum that stretches around organs in abdomen

Holds organs in place

A

Mesentry

95
Q

Pertaining to apart from the intestines- directly into the bloodstream

A

Parenteral

96
Q

Surrounding the anus

A

Perianal

97
Q

Specialist in anus and rectum

A

Proctologist

98
Q

Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter

A

Pyloroplasty

99
Q

Hernia of the rectum

A

Rectocele

100
Q

Inflammation of salivary gland

A

Sialadenitis

101
Q

Stone of saliva

A

Sialolith

102
Q

Fat discharge- improper fat digestion appearing in stool

A

Steatorrhea

103
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in abdomen

A

Ascites

104
Q

Rumbling or grumbling noise produced by gas, fluid or both movement in gastrointestinal tract

A

Borborygmus

105
Q

Difficulty in swallowing

A

Dysphagia

106
Q

Burp

A

Eructation

107
Q

Passage of bright red blood through rectum

A

Hematochezia

108
Q

Black, tarry stools

Contains digested blood

A

Melena

109
Q

Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers

A

Aphthous stomatitis

110
Q

Tooth decay

A

Dental caries

111
Q

Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus

A

Herpetic stomatitis

112
Q

White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth

A

Oral leukopenia

113
Q

Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth and surrounding bone

A

Periodontal disease

114
Q

Failure of lower esophagus sphincter (LES) to relax

A

Achalasia

115
Q

Malignant tumor of esophagus

A

Esophageal cancer

116
Q

Swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

A

Esophageal varices

117
Q

Malignant tumor of stomach

A

Gastric cancer

118
Q

Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

119
Q

Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

A

Peptic ulcer

120
Q

Abnormal tube like passageway near the anus

A

Anal fistula

121
Q

Polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

A

Colonic polyps

122
Q

Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both

A

Colorectal cancer

123
Q

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

A

Crohn disease

124
Q

Abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon

A

Diverticulosis

125
Q

Painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

A

Dysentery

126
Q

Swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

A

Hemorrhoids

127
Q

Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

A

Ileus

128
Q

Inflammation of the colon and sm intestine

A

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

129
Q

Telescoping of the intestines

A

Intussusception

130
Q

Group of GI symptoms but without abnormalities in the intestines

A

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

131
Q

Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers

A

Ulcerative colitis

132
Q

Twisting of the intestine on itself

A

Volvulus

133
Q

Gallstones in the gallbladder

A

Cholelithiasis

134
Q

Chronic degenerative disease of the liver

A

Cirrhosis

135
Q

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

A

Viral hepatitis

136
Q

Cause of illness

A

Etiology

137
Q

Unknown disease

A

Idiopathic

138
Q

Tumor of fat

A

Lipoma

139
Q

Discharge of pus

A

Pyorrhea

Med Terms (18 decks)

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