Ch. 13 & 14 Flashcards
0
Q
Antigen
A
Stimulates production of antibody
1
Q
Albumin
A
Protein in blood- maintains proper amt of water in blood
2
Q
Basophils
A
White blood cell containing granules that stain blue
3
Q
Bilirubin
A
Pigment in bile
4
Q
Coagulation
A
Blood clotting
5
Q
Colony stimulating factor
A
Protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells
6
Q
Differentiation
A
Change in and structure and fx of a cell as if matures
7
Q
Electrophoresis
A
Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
8
Q
Eosinophil
A
White blood cell containing granules that stain red- associated with allergic rxs
9
Q
Erythroblast
A
Immature rbc
10
Q
Erythropoietin
A
Hormone secreted by kidneys that stimulates rbc formation
11
Q
Fibrin
A
Protein that forms basis of a blood clot
12
Q
Fibrinogen
A
Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in clotting process
13
Q
Globulin
A
Plasma protein- alpha, beta, gamma
14
Q
Granulocyte
A
White blood cell with numerous dark staining granules- eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophils
15
Q
Hematopoietic stem cell
A
Cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells
16
Q
Hemoglobin
A
Blood protein containing iron- carries oxygen in rbc
17
Q
Hemolysis
A
Destruction of breakdown of blood
18
Q
Heparin
A
Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
19
Q
Lymphocyte
A
Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
20
Q
Macrophage
A
Monocytes that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces- destroys worn out rbc
21
Q
Megakaryocyte
A
Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow
22
Q
Monocytes
A
Leukocyte with one large nucleus- engulfs foreign material and debris
23
Q
Mononuclear
A
Pertaining to a cell with single round nucleus
24
Myeloblast
Immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes
25
Neutrophil
Tissue fighting cell- formed in bone marrow
26
Plasma
Liquid portion of blood
27
Plasmapheresis
Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge
28
Platelet
Small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin clotting process
29
Polymorphonuclear
Pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed
30
Prothrombin
Plasma protein
31
Reticulocyte
Immature erythrocytes
32
Rh factor
Antigen on rbc of rh positive individuals
33
Serum
Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells
34
Stem cell
Unspecialized cell
35
Thrombin
Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
36
Thrombocytes
Platelet
37
Base
Bas/o
38
Color
Chrom/o
39
Clotting(CF)
Coagul/o
40
Red, dawn, rosy
Eosin/o
41
Granules
Granul/o
42
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin/o
43
Same, equal
Is/o
44
Nucleus
Kary/o
45
One,single
Mon/o
46
Shape,form
Morph/o
47
Bone marrow
Myel/o
48
Neutral
Neutr/o
49
Eat,swallow
Phag/o
50
Varied, irregular
Poikil/o
51
Iron
Sider/o
52
Globe,round
Spher/o
53
Removal, a carrying away
-apheresis
54
Immature cell, embryonic (suf)
-blast
55
Abnormal condition of cells (suf)
-cytosis
56
Blood condition
-emia
57
Giving rise to, producing
-gen
58
Protein(suf)
- globin
| - globulin
59
Pertaining to destruction (suf)
-lytic
60
Derived of originating from (suf)
-oid
61
Abnormal condition (suf)
-osis
62
Attraction for (an increase in cell numbers) (s)
-philia
63
Carrying, transmission(s)
-phoresis
64
Formation (s)
-poiesis
65
Stop, control (s)
-stasis
66
Eat, swallow (s)
-phage
67
Dyscrasia
Disease
68
Aplastic anemia
Failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow
69
Hemolytic anemia
Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
70
Pernicious anemia
Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin b12 into the bloodstream
71
Thalassemia
Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin, leading to hypochromia
72
Hemochromatosis
Excess iron deposits throughout the body
73
Polycythemia Vera
General increase in red blood cells (erytheremia)
74
Hemophilia
Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of blood clotting factors necessary for blood clotting
75
Purpura
Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
76
Remission
Disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease
77
Relapse
Disease signs and symptoms reappear
78
Granulocytosis
Abnormal increase in granulocytes in blood
79
Mononucleosis
Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
80
Multiple myeloma
Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
81
Anti globulin test(Coombs test)
Test for presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes
82
Bleeding time
Time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound
83
Coagulation time
Time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube
84
Complete blood count (CBC)
Determination of numbers of blood cells
85
Erythrocytes sedimentation rate
Speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma
86
Hemocrit (Hct)
Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood
87
Hemoglobin test
Total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood
88
Platelet count
Number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
89
Prothrombin time (PT)
Test of the ability of blood to clot
90
Red blood cell count (RBC)
Number of erythrocytes per mm3 or uL of blood
91
Red blood cell morphology
Microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells
92
White blood cell count (WBC)
Number of leukocytes per cubic milliliter or uL of blood
93
White blood cell differential count
Percentages of different types of leukocytes in blood
94
Apheresis
Separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood
95
Blood transfusion
Whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient
96
Bone marrow biopsy
Microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle
97
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient
98
Ab
Antibody
99
ABMT
Autologous bone marrow transplantation
100
ABO
Four main blood types A,B,AB,O
101
ALL
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
102
AML
Acute myelogenous leukemia
103
ANC
Absolute neutrophil count
104
ASCT
Autologous stem cell transplantation
105
Bands
Immature white blood cells
106
Baso
Basophils
107
BMT
Bone marrow transplantation
108
CBC
Complete blood count
109
CLL
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
110
CML
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
111
DIC
Disseminated intravascular
112
Diff
Differential count
113
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
114
eos
Eosinophils
115
EPO
Erythropoietin
116
ESR
Erythrocytes sedimentation rate
117
Fe
Iron
118
G-CSF
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
119
GM-CSF
Granulocyte-macrophage colony
120
g/dL
Gram per deciliter
121
GVHD
Graft versus host disease
122
HCL
Hairy cell leukemia
123
Hct
Hematocrit
124
Hgb, HGB
Hemoglobin
125
H and H
Hemoglobin and hematocrit
126
HLA
Human leukocyte antigen
127
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM
Immunoglobulins
128
Lymphs
Lymphocyte
129
MCH
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
130
MCHC
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
131
MCV
Mean corpuscular volume
132
MDS
Myelodysplastic syndrome
133
mm3
Cubic millimeter
134
Mono
Monocytes
135
polys, PMNs, PMNLs
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
136
PT, pro time
Prothrombin time
137
PTT
Partial thromboplastin time
138
RBC
Red blood cell
139
sed rate
Erythrocytes sedimentation rate
140
segs
Segmented,mature white blood cells
141
SMAC
Sequential multiple analyzer computer
142
WNL
Within normal limits
143
Adaptive immunity
Ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them
144
Adenoids
Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
145
Antibody
Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens
146
Antigen
Substance that the body recognizes as foreign- leads to immune response
147
Axillary nodes
Lymph nodes in the armpit
148
B cell
Lymphocyte that matures into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies
149
Cell-mediated immunity
T cells that respond to antigens and destroy them
150
Cervical nodes
Lymph nodes in the neck region
151
Complement system
Proteins in the blood that help antibodies kill their target
152
Cytokines
Proteins secrete by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction
153
Cytotoxic T cell
Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens
154
Dendritic cell
Antigen- presenting cell
155
Helper T cell
Lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells
156
Humoral immunity
B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens
157
Immunity
Body's ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs
158
Immunoglobulins
Secrete in response to the presence of an antigen
159
Immunotherapy
Use of immune cells,antibodies or vaccines to treat or prevent disease
160
Inguinal nodes
Lymph nodes in the groin region
161
Interferons
Proteins secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate immune response
162
Interleukins
Proteins that stimulate the growth of b and t lymphocytes
163
Interstitial fluid
Fluid in the spaces between cells
164
Lymph
Thin, watery fluid found with lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body
165
Lymph capillaries
Tiniest lymphatic vessels
166
Lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes, spleen,thymus gland
167
Lymph node
Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels
168
Lymph vessel
Carrier of lymph throughout the body
169
Macrophage
Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body
170
Mediastinal nodes
Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs In the chest
171
Mesenteric nodes
Lymph nodes in the intestinal region
172
Monoclonal antibody
Antibody produced in a lab to attack antigens and to destroy cells
173
Natural immunity
Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection
174
Para aortic nodes
Lymph nodes near aorta in lumbar area of body
175
Plasma cell
Lymphocyte that secretes antibodies
176
Right lymphatic duct
Lymphatic vessel in the chest that drains lymph from the upper right part of body
177
Spleen
Destroys worn out rbc
178
Suppressor T cell
Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of b and T cells
179
T cell
Lymphocyte that acts directly on antigens to destroy them
180
Tolerance
The ability of t lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body's own antigens as self or friendly
181
Thoracic duct
Large lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the lower and left side of the body
182
Thymus gland
Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response
183
Lymph node (CF)
Lymphaden/o
184
Thymus gland
Thym/o
185
Again, anew (p)
Ana-
186
Between (p)
Inter-
187
Wasting syndrome
Weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite and mental activity
188
Atopy
Hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition
189
CD4 and cell count
Measures the number of these cells in bloodstream of patients with AIDS
190
Hodgkin disease
Malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes
191
Kaposi syndrome
Malignant lesion associate with aids- arises from lining of capillaries and damp pears as red purple,,,
192
Opportunistic infections
HIV lowers body's resistance and allows infection by bacteria- infectious disease associated with AIDS
193
Protease inhibitor
Drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production new viral pieces for HIV (protease)
194
Reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)
Treats aids- blocks enzyme needed to make copies of HIV
195
ELISA
Screening test to detect anti HIV antibodies in bloodstream
196
Immunoelectrophoresis
Test that separates immuno.
197
Viral load test
Measurement of the amount of AIDS virus in the bloodstream
198
AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
199
CD4 + cell
Helper T cell
200
CD8+cell
Cytotoxic T cell
201
CMV
Cytomegalovirus
202
Crypto
Cryptococcus- causes aids related infection
203
ELISA (abbrev)
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
204
HAART
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
205
HD
Hodgkin disease
206
Histo
Histoplasmosis
207
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
208
HSV
Herpes simplex virus
209
IL1-IL15
Interleukins
210
KS
Kaposi sarcoma
211
MAI
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex- group of pathogens that cause lung and systemic disease in immunocompromised patients
212
MoAb
Monoclonal antibody
213
NHL
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
214
PCP
Pneumocystis pneumonia- aids related infection
215
PI
Protease inhibitor
216
RTI
Reverse transcriptase inhibitor
217
SCID
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
218
Treg
Regulatory T cell
219
Toxo
Toxoplasmosis - parasitic infection associated with aids
