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Med Terms > Chapter 19/21 > Flashcards

Chapter 19/21 Flashcards

0
Q

Small sac tumor shape

A

Alveolar

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1
Q

Synthetic chemicals contain alkyl groups that attack DNA, causing strand breaks

A

Alkylating agents

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2
Q

Loss of differentiation of cells

A

Anaplasia

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3
Q

Process of forming new blood vessels

A

Angiogenesis

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4
Q

Inhibit formation of substances necessary to make DNA therefore preventing cell division

A

Antimetabolites

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5
Q

Drugs that block mitosis, ex: taxol- breast and ovarian cancers

A

Antimiotics

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6
Q

Normal cells produce and block tumor growth or stimulate immune system to fight cancer

A

Biological response modifiers

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7
Q

Radiotherapy that uses insertion of sealed containers into body cavities

A

Brachytherapy

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8
Q

Ill health and malnutrition

A

Cachexia

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9
Q

Localized cancer

A

Carcinoma in situ

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10
Q

Process of burning tissue to destroy it

A

Cauterization

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11
Q

Pieces of DNA that when activated by mutations can cause a normal cell to become malignant

A

Cellular oncogenes

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12
Q

Extracts a thin core of tissue

A

Core needle biopsy

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13
Q

Sub freezing temp used to destroy tissue

A

Cryosurgery

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14
Q

Sac of fluid tumor

A

Cystic tumor

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15
Q

Chromosomes of cells are examined for breaks, translocations and deletions in DNA

A

Cytogenic analysis

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16
Q

More primitive, immature cells

A

Dedifferentiation

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17
Q

Highly abnormal cells but not cancerous

A

Dysplastic

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18
Q

Electricity and heat used to kill tumor cells

A

Electrocauterization

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19
Q

Low energy beams used for more surface level tumor treatment

A

Electron beams

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20
Q

Tumor and a large area of tissue are removed

A

En bloc resection

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21
Q

Tumor cells that resemble epithelial tissue

A

Epidermoid

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22
Q

Removal of tumor and margin of normal tissue

A

Excisional biopsy

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23
Q

Removes tumor, entire effected organ and all tissue around it.

A

Exenteration

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24
Q

Cells are scraped from region of affected area and examined

A

Exfoliative cytology

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25
Q

Applying radiation to a tumor from a source outside the body

A

External beam irradiation

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26
Q

Visual examination of colon

A

Fiberoptic colonoscopy

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27
Q

Tumor of fibers of the flesh

A

Fibrosarcoma

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28
Q

Increase in connective tissue

A

Fibrosis

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29
Q

Dimensions of the body undergoing radiation

A

Fields

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30
Q

Very thin needle goes into tumor to pull out cells for microscopic examination

A

Fine needle aspiration

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31
Q

Small glandular sac arrangement of tumors

A

Follicular

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32
Q

Giving radiation in small repeated doses

A

Fractionation

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33
Q

Destruction of tissue by electric sparks generated by a high frequency current

A

Fulguration

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34
Q

Mushroom patterned growing tumor

A

Fungating tumor

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35
Q

Degree of maturity of tumor cells

A

Grading of tumors

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36
Q

Unit of absorbed radiation dose

A

Gray

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37
Q

Visual appearance of tumors to naked eye

A

Gross description of tumors

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38
Q

Localizing antigens or proteins in tissues using labeled antibodies

A

Immunohistochemistry

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39
Q

Piece if tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnoses

A

Incisional biopsy

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40
Q

Extending beyond normal tissues boundaries

A

Infiltrative

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41
Q

Having ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissues

A

Invasive

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42
Q

Exposure to any form of radiant energy (light, heat, x-rays)

A

Irradiation

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43
Q

Large electronic device that produces high energy x-ray beams for treatment of deep seated tumors

A

Linear accelerator

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44
Q

Continuous growth, invasive and metastasis tumor

A

Malignant tumor

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45
Q

Soft tumor

A

Medullary tumor

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46
Q

Embryonic connective tissue

A

Mesenchymal

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47
Q

Abnormal transformation of adult differentiation cells to another specific tissue type- is reversible

A

Metaplasia

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48
Q

Spread of malignant tumor to a new site

A

Metastasis

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49
Q

Appearance of tumors viewed by microscope

A

Microscopic description of tumor

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50
Q

Tumors composed of different types of tissues

A

Mixed-tissue tumors

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51
Q

Drugs that block the function of growth factors, their pathways and receptors

A

Molecularly targeted drugs

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52
Q

Causing genetic change

A

Mutagenic

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53
Q

To stop spinal cord

A

Myelosuppression

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54
Q

Aer/o

A

Air

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55
Q

Sensitivity to pain

A

Alges/o

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56
Q

Bronchial tube

A

Bronch/o

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57
Q

Drug

A

Chem/o

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58
Q

Mixture

A

Cras/o

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59
Q

Skin

A

Chutane/o

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60
Q

Skin

A

Derm/o

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61
Q

Work

A

Erg/o

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62
Q

Feeling, sensation

A

Esthes/o

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63
Q

Tissue

A

Hist/o

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64
Q

Sleep

A

Hypn/o

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65
Q

Treatment

A

Iatr/o

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66
Q

Tongue

A

Lingu/o

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67
Q

Mold, fungus

A

Myc/o

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68
Q

Stupor

A

Narc/o

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69
Q

Mouth

A

Or/o

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70
Q

Drug

A

Pharmac/o

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71
Q

Itching

A

Prurit/o

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72
Q

Fever

A

Pyret/o

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73
Q

Sheath(of brain and spinal cord)

A

Thec/o

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74
Q

Poison

A

Tox/o or toxic/o

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75
Q

Vessel

A

Vas/o

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76
Q

Vein

A

Ven/o

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77
Q

Life

A

Vit/o

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78
Q

Upward, excessive, again (prefix)

A

Ana-

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79
Q

Against (prefix)

A

Anti-

80
Q

Against, opposite (prefix)

A

Contra-

81
Q

Other that, apart from (prefix)

A

Par-

82
Q

Together, with (prefix)

A

Syn-

83
Q

a.c., ac

A

Before meals (ante cibum)

84
Q

ACE

A

Angiotensin-converting enzyme

85
Q

Ad lib

A

Freely, as desired

86
Q

APAP

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

87
Q

ARB

A

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

88
Q

b.i.d., bid

A

Two times a day

89
Q

c- (line is suppose to be above the c)

A

With

90
Q

Caps

A

Capsule

91
Q

cc

A

Cubic centimeter

92
Q

FDA

A

U.s food and drug administration

93
Q

gm, g

A

Gram

94
Q

gtt

A

Drops

95
Q

h

A

Hour

96
Q

h.s., hs

A

At bedtime

97
Q

H2 blocker

A

Histamine H2 receptor antagonist

98
Q

HRT

A

Hormone replacement therapy

99
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

100
Q

INH

A

Isoniazid - anti tuberculosis agent

101
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

102
Q

MAOI

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor- an antidepressant

103
Q

mg

A

Milligram

104
Q

ml, mL

A

Milliliter

105
Q

NPO

A

Nothing by mouth

106
Q

NSAID

A

Noneteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

107
Q

P- (line above p)

A

After (post)

108
Q

p.c., pc

A

After meals

109
Q

PCA

A

Patient- controlled analgesia

110
Q

PDR

A

Physicians desk reference

111
Q

PO, p.o., po

A

By mouth

112
Q

p.r.n., prn

A

As needed, as necessary

113
Q

Pt

A

Patient

114
Q

q

A

Every

115
Q

q.h., qh

A

Every hour

116
Q

q2h

A

Every 2 hours

117
Q

q.i.d, qid

A

Four times a day

118
Q

q.s., qs

A

Sufficient quantity

119
Q

qAM

A

Every morning

120
Q

qPM

A

Every evening

121
Q

Rx

A

Prescription

122
Q

s-(line above s)

A

Without

123
Q

SERM

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulator

124
Q

Sig.

A

Directions-how to take medication

125
Q

SL

A

sublingual

126
Q

s.o.s.

A

If it is necessary

127
Q

SSRI

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor- an antidepressant

128
Q

subQ

A

Subcutaneous

129
Q

tab

A

Tablet

130
Q

TCA

A

Tricyclic antidepressant

131
Q

t.i.d, tid

A

Three times daily

132
Q

Drug action in which the combo of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each

A

Additive action

133
Q

Particles of drug suspended in air

A

Aerosol

134
Q

Exaggerated hypersensitivity rx

A

Anaphylaxis

135
Q

Combo of two drugs gives less that an additive effect

A

Antagonistic action

136
Q

Agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug

A

Antidote

137
Q

Commercial name for a drug

A

Brand name

138
Q

Chemical formula for a drug

A

Chemical name

139
Q

Factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment

A

Contraindications

140
Q

Drugs that produce tolerance and dependencies and have potential for abuse or addiction

A

Controlled substances

141
Q

Physiological need for a drug

A

Dependence

142
Q

Physical and psychological dependence on and craving for a drug

A

Addiction

143
Q

Amount of drug administered, usually measured in milligrams

A

Dose

144
Q

Legal non commercial name for a drug

A

Generic name

145
Q

Unexpected effect produced in a sensitive patient but is not normal

A

Idiosyncratic reaction

146
Q

Study of interaction of drugs and their target molecules such as enzymes, or cell surface receptors

A

Molecular pharmacology

147
Q

Drugs given by injections into the skin, muscles, or veins

A

Parenteral administration

148
Q

Study of drug effects within the body

A

Pharmacodynamics

149
Q

Study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion over a period of time

A

Pharmacokinetics

150
Q

Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body

A

Receptor

151
Q

Lack of beneficial response,

A

Resistance

152
Q

Desired and beneficial effect of a drug

A

Response

153
Q

Drugs are given by placement under the tongue

A

Sublingual administration

154
Q

Combo of two drugs causes an effect that is greater that the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone

A

Synergism

155
Q

Instrument for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body

A

Syringe

156
Q

Drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membrane of the body

A

Topical application

157
Q

Harmful effects of the drug

A

Toxicity

158
Q

Drug that lowers blood pressure

A

ACE inhibitor

159
Q

Central nervous system stimulant

A

Amphetamine

160
Q

Relieves pain

A

Analgesic

161
Q

Male hormone

A

Androgen

162
Q

Reduces or eliminates sensation. General and local

A

Anesthetic

163
Q

Lowers Bp by preventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels

A

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

164
Q

Slows the uptake of androgens or interferes with their effect in tissues

A

Anti androgen

165
Q

Treats abnormal heart rhythms

A

Antiarrhythmic

166
Q

Prevents blood clotting

A

Anticoagulant

167
Q

Prevents convulsions (abnormal brain activity)

A

Anticonvulsant

168
Q

Relieves symptoms or depression

A

Antidepressant

169
Q

Prevents nausea and vomiting

A

Antiemetic

170
Q

Helps prevent symptoms of allergy

A

Antihistamine

171
Q

Relieves nausea and vomiting

A

Antinauseant

172
Q

Reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together and form a clot

A

Antiplatelet

173
Q

Inhibits secretion of acid by cells lining the stomach

A

Anti ulcer

174
Q

Reduces estrogen in the blood by blocking the enzyme aroma taste

A

Aromatase inhibitor

175
Q

Kills bacteria

A

Bactericidal

176
Q

Inhibits bacterial growth

A

Bacteriostatic

177
Q

Prevents bone loss in osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonate

178
Q

Increases the force of contraction of heart

A

Cardiac glycoside

179
Q

Acts on heart and blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular drug

180
Q

Relieves constipation

A

Cathartic

181
Q

Binds to dietary cholesterol and prevents its uptake from the gastrointestinal tract

A

Cholesterol-binding drug

182
Q

Lowers cholesterol by preventing its production by the liver

A

Cholesterol- lowering drug

183
Q

Increases production of urine

A

Diuretic

184
Q

Promotes vomiting

A

Emetic

185
Q

Hormone for the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces inflammation

A

Glucocorticoid

186
Q

Produces sleep of a trance like state

A

Hypnotic

187
Q

Weak cathartic

A

Laxative

188
Q

Habit forming drug that relieves pain by producing stupor or insensibility

A

Narcotic

189
Q

Female hormone that stimulates uterine lining during pregnancy

A

Progestin

190
Q

Relieves constipation

A

Purgative

191
Q

A mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes without necessary producing sleep

A

Sedative

192
Q

Stimulates cellular metabolism

A

Thyroid gland

193
Q

Controls anxiety and sever disturbances of behavior

A

Tranquilizer

194
Q

Antipruitic

A

Against itching

195
Q

Antipyretic

A

Against fever

196
Q

Erythromyocin

A

Pertaining to red fungus

197
Q

Intrathecal

A

Within sheath of brain

198
Q

Synergistic

A

Working together

Med Terms (18 decks)

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