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Med Terms > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

0
Q

Arteriole

A

Small artery

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1
Q

Apex

A

Lower tip of heart

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2
Q

Artery

A

Largest type of blood vessel, carries blood away from heart

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3
Q

Atrioventricular bundle

A

specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them

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4
Q

Atrioventricular node

A

Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle toward the ventricles

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5
Q

Atrium

A

One of two upper chambers of the heart

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6
Q

Capillary

A

Smallest blood vessel

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7
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen rich blood to the heart muscle

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8
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation phase of the heartbeat

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9
Q

Endocardium

A

Inner lining of the heart

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10
Q

Endothelium

A

Innermost lining of blood vessels

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11
Q

Mitral valve

A

Valve between the lt atrium and lt ventricle

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12
Q

Normal sinus rhythm

A

Heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 bpm

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13
Q

Specialized nervous tissue in rt atrium that begins the heartbeat

A

Pacemaker

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14
Q

Pericardium

A

Double layered membrane surrounding heart

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15
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Artery carrying oxygen poor blood from the heart to the lungs

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16
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

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17
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Valve positioned between the rt ventricle and pulmonary artery

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18
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

One of the two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the lt atrium of the heart

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19
Q

Septum

A

Partition or wall dividing a cavity, such as between the rt and lt atria and rt and lt ventricles

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20
Q

Sinoatrial node

A

Pacemaker of the heart

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21
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

Instrument to measure blood pressure

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22
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart to body tissues

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23
Q

Systole

A

Contraction phase of heart

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24
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Located between rt atrium and rt ventricle

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25
Q

Valve

A

Structure in veins or in the heart that temporal that closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction

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26
Q

Vein

A

Thin walled vessel that carrier blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart

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27
Q

Vena cava

A

Largest vein in body

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28
Q

Ventricle

A

One of two lower chambers of heart

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29
Q

Venule

A

Small vein

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30
Q

Aorta (Cf)

A

Aort/o

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31
Q

Artery (CF)

A

Arter/o, arteri/o

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32
Q

Yellowish plaque, fatty substance (Cf)

A

Ather/o

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33
Q

Atrium (Cf)

A

Atri/o

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34
Q

Arm (Cf)

A

Brachi/o

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35
Q

Cholesterol (Cf)

A

Cholesterol/o

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36
Q

Heart (Cf)

A

Coron/o, cardi/o

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37
Q

Blue (Cf)

A

Cyan/o

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38
Q

Mucus

A

Myx/o

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39
Q

Oxygen

A

Ox/o

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40
Q

Pericardium (Cf)

A

Pericardi/o

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41
Q

Rhythm

A

Rrhythm/o

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42
Q

Pulse

A

Sphygm/o

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43
Q

Chest

A

Steth/o

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44
Q

Clot

A

Thromb/o

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45
Q

Valve (Cf)

A

Valvul/o, valv/o

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46
Q

Vessel (Cf)

A

Vas/o, vascul/o, Angi/o

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47
Q

Vein (Cf)

A

Ven/o, ven/I, Phleb/o

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48
Q

Ventricle (Cf)

A

Ventricul/o

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49
Q

Arrhythmias

A

Abnormal heart rhythms

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50
Q

Bradycardia

A

Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the bundle of HIS

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51
Q

Flutter

A

Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

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52
Q

Fibrillation

A

Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart

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53
Q

Congenital heart disease

A

Abnormalities in the heart at birth

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54
Q

Coarctation of aorta (CoA)

A

Narrowing of the aorta

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55
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

A

Passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth

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56
Q

Septal defects

A

Small holes in the wall between the atria or the ventricles

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57
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects

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58
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Heart is unable to pump it’s required amount of blood

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59
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

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60
Q

Ischemia

A

Blood flow is decreased

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61
Q

Endocarditis

A

Inflammation of inner lining of heart

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62
Q

Hypertensive heart disease

A

High blood pressure affecting the heart

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63
Q

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

A

Improper closure of mitral valve

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64
Q

Murmur

A

Extra heart sound, heard between normal beats

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65
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammation of membrane surrounding the heart

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66
Q

Rheumatic heart disease

A

Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever

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67
Q

Aneurysm

A

Local widening of an arterial wall

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68
Q

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A

Blood clot forms in large vein, usually in lower limb

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69
Q

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

A

Blockage of arteries carrying blood to legs, arms, kidneys and other organs

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70
Q

Raynaud disease

A

Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes

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71
Q

Varicose veins

A

Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs

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72
Q

Acute coronary syndromes (ACSs)

A

Unstable angina and myocardial infarction

73
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain

74
Q

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE)

A

Dilates blood vessels

75
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening for sounds In blood vessels or other body structures

76
Q

Biventricular pacemaker

A

Device enabling ventricles to beat together so more blood is pumped from heart

77
Q

Bruit

A

Abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ

78
Q

Cardiac tamponade

A

Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space

79
Q

Claudication

A

Pain,tension, weakness in a leg after walking has begun but absence of pain at rest

80
Q

Digoxin

A

Drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens heartbeat

81
Q

Embolus

A

Clot that travels a distance and suddenly blocks a blood vessel

82
Q

Infarction

A

Area of dead tissue

83
Q

Nitrates

A

Drugs that treat angina

84
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Nitrate drug

85
Q

Occlusion

A

Closure of a blood vessel due to blockage

86
Q

Palpitations

A

Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias

87
Q

Patent

A

Open

88
Q

Pericardial friction rub

A

Scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of heart, suggestive of pericarditis

89
Q

Statins

A

Drugs used to lower cholesterol

90
Q

Thrill

A

Vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow

91
Q

Vegetations

A

Clumps of platelets, clotting proteins, microorganisms, and red blood cells of diseased heart valves

92
Q

BNP test

A

Measurement of brain natriuretic peptide in blood -elevated in patients with dyspnea

93
Q

Cardiac biomarkers

A

Chemicals are measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack

94
Q

Lipid tests

A

Measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in a blood sample

95
Q

Lipoprotein electrophoresis

A

Lipoproteins are physically separated and measured in a blood sample

96
Q

Angiography

A

X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

97
Q

Computed topography angiography (CTA)

A

Three dimensional X-ray images of the heart and coronary arteries using ct

98
Q

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

A

Video equipment and a computer produce X-ray images of blood vessels

99
Q

Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT)

A

Electron beams and CT identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries to diagnose early CAD

100
Q

Doppler ultrasound studies

A

Sound waves measure blood flow within blood vessels

101
Q

Echocardiography (ECHO)

A

Echoes generated by high frequency sound waves produce images of the heart

102
Q

Positron emission tomography scan (PET)

A

Images show blood flow and myocardial function following uptake of radioactive glucose

103
Q

Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan

A

Used to detect heart damage

104
Q

Thallium 201 scan

A

Concentration of radioactive thallium is measure to give information about blood supply to the heart muscle

105
Q

Cardiac MRI

A

Images of the heart are produced using radio wave energy in a magnetic field

106
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

Thin flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein of artery- detects pressures and patterns of blood flow

107
Q

Holter monitoring

A

An ECG device is worn during a 24 hour period to detect cardi ac arrhythmias

108
Q

Stress test

A

Exercise tolerance test determines the hearts response to physical exertion

109
Q

Catheter ablation

A

Brief delivery of radio frequency energy to destroy areas of heart tissue that may be causing arrhythmia a

110
Q

Endarterectomy

A

Surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery

111
Q

Extracorporeal circulation

A

Heart lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while heart is repaired

112
Q

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

A

Balloon tipped catheter is inserted into a coronary artery to open the artery

113
Q

AAA

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

114
Q

ACLs

A

Advanced cardiac life support

115
Q

ACS

A

Acute coronary syndrome

116
Q

ADP

A

Adenosine diphosphate

117
Q

AED

A

Automatic external defibrillator

118
Q

AF, a-fib

A

Atrial fibrillation

119
Q

AMI (D)?

A

Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator

120
Q

AMI

A

Acute myocardial infarction

121
Q

ARVD

A

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia

122
Q

AS

A

Aortic stenosis

123
Q

ASD

A

Atrial septal defect

124
Q

AV, A-V

A

Atrioventricular

125
Q

AVR

A

Aortic valve replacement

126
Q

BBB

A

Bundle branch block

127
Q

BNP

A

Brain natriuretic peptide

128
Q

CABG

A

Coronary artery bypass grafting

129
Q

CAD

A

Coronary artery disease

130
Q

CCU

A

Coronary care unit

131
Q

Cath

A

Catheterization

132
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

133
Q

CoA

A

Coarctation of the aorta

134
Q

CRT

A

Cardiac resynchronization therapy

135
Q

CTNI, cTnI, CTNT, cTnT

A

Cardiac troponin-I and cardiac troponin T

136
Q

DES

A

Drug eluding stent

137
Q

DSA

A

Digital subtraction angiography

138
Q

DVT

A

Deep vein thrombosis

139
Q

ECMO

A

Extracorpeal membrane oxygenation

140
Q

ECHO

A

Echocardiography

141
Q

EF

A

Ejection fraction

142
Q

EPS

A

Electrophysiology study

143
Q

ETT

A

Exercise tolerance test

144
Q

ETT-MIBI

A

Exercise tolerance test combined with radioactive tracer

145
Q

EVAR

A

Endovascular aneurysm repair

146
Q

HDL

A

High density lipoprotein

147
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

148
Q

IABP

A

Intra-aortic balloon pump

149
Q

ICD

A

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

150
Q

LAD

A

Left anterior descending

151
Q

LMWH

A

Low molecular weight heparin

152
Q

LV

A

Left ventricle

153
Q

LVAD

A

Left ventricular assists device

154
Q

LVH

A

Left ventricular hyper trophy

155
Q

MI

A

Myocardial infarction

156
Q

MUGA

A

Multiple gated acquisition scan

157
Q

MVP

A

Mitral valve prolapse

158
Q

NSR

A

Normal sinus rhythm

159
Q

NSTEMI

A

Non ST elevation myocardial infarction

160
Q

PAC

A

Premature atrial contraction

161
Q

PAD

A

Peripheral arterial disease

162
Q

PCI

A

Percutaneous coronary intervention

163
Q

PDA

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

posterior descending artery

164
Q

PE

A

Pulmonary embolus

165
Q

PVC

A

Premature ventricular contraction

166
Q

SA

S-A node

A

Sinoatrial node

167
Q

SCD

A

Sudden cardiac death

168
Q

SOB

A

Shortness of breath

169
Q

SPECT

A

Single photon emission computed tomography

170
Q

STEMI

A

St elevation myocardial infarction

171
Q

SVT

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

172
Q

TAVR

A

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

173
Q

TEE

A

Transesophageal echocardiography

174
Q

TEVAR

A

Thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair

175
Q

TGA

A

Transposition of the great arteries

176
Q

tPA

A

Tissue type plasminogen activator

177
Q

UA

A

Unstable angina

178
Q

VF

A

Ventricular fibrillation

179
Q

VSD

A

Ventricular septal defect

180
Q

VT

A

Ventricular tachycardia

181
Q

WPW

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Med Terms (18 decks)

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