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Med Terms > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

0
Q

Cancellous bone

A

Spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone

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1
Q

Articulate cartilage

A

Thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint space

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2
Q

Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues

A

Collagen

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3
Q

Hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones

A

Compact bone

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4
Q

Shaft, or mid portion of a long bone

A

Shaft

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5
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in an immature skeleton

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6
Q

Epiphysis

A

End of long bone

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7
Q

Haversian canals

A

Minute spaces filled with blood vessels, found in compact bone

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8
Q

Ligament

A

Connects bone to bone

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9
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Central, hollowed out area in the shaft of a long bone

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10
Q

Metaphysis

A

Flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the Epiphyseal plate

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11
Q

Orthopedist

A

Medical doctor who specializes in bone, jt, and muscle conditions

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12
Q

Osseous tissue

A

Bone tissue

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13
Q

Ossification

A

Process of bone formation

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14
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone cells that help form bony tissue

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15
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

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16
Q

Periosteum

A

Membrane surround bones rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

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17
Q

Phosphorus

A

Mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium

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18
Q

Physiatrist

A

Medical doctor specializing in rehab

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19
Q

Trabeculae

A

Supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone

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20
Q

Tendon

A

Connection muscles and bones

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21
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

Fatty tissue found in medullary cavity of bones

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22
Q

Red bone marrow

A

Site of hematopoiesis in cancellous bone

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23
Q

Calcium

A

Calc/o

Calci/o

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24
Q

Humpback, hunchback

A

Kyph/o

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25
Q

Lamina

A

Lamin/o

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26
Q

Curve, sway back (anterior curve)

A

Lord/o

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27
Q

Loins, lower back

A

Lumb/o

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28
Q

Bone marrow

A

Myel/o

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29
Q

Straight

A

Orth/o

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30
Q

Crooked, bent(laterally curved)

A

Scoli/o

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31
Q

Vertebra (conditions of)

A

Spondyl/o

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32
Q

Embryonic or immature cell (suffix)

A

-blast

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33
Q

To break (suffix)

A

-clast

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34
Q

Slipping (suffix)

A

-listhesis

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35
Q

Softening (suffix)

A

-malacia

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36
Q

To grow (suffix)

A

-physis

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37
Q

Pore, passage (suffix)

A

-porosis

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38
Q

Instrument to cut (suffix)

A

-tome

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39
Q

Fibula

A

Perone/o

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40
Q

Rare malignant tumor arising in bone, most often in children

A

Ewing syndrome

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41
Q

Bony growth arising from the surface of bone (benign)

A

Exostosis

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42
Q

Benign exostoses found on metaphyses of long bone

A

Osteochondromas

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43
Q

Swelling of metatarsophalangeal jt near big toe base- build up of soft tissue

A

Bunion

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44
Q

Bone is broken but no open skin wound

A

Simple fracture

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45
Q

Bone is broken and a fragment of bone protrudes through skin

A

Compound fracture

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46
Q

Cracking sound produced when ends of bone rub each other or rub against roughened cartilage

A

Crepitus

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47
Q

Manipulative procedure on broken bone without surgical incision

A

Closed reduction

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48
Q

Incision made to access to fracture site

A

Open reduction

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49
Q

ORIF

A

Open reduction, internal fixation

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50
Q

Common malignant tumor arising in osteoblasts

A

Osteogenic sarcoma

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51
Q

Softening of bone

A

Osteomalacia

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52
Q

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow

A

Osteomyelitis

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53
Q

Decrease in bone density

A

Osteoporosis

54
Q

Congenital abnormality of the hind foot

A

Talipes

55
Q

Closed sacs of synovial fluid near joint

A

Bursae

56
Q

Smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint

A

Articulate cartilage

57
Q

Space between bones at a synovial joint

A

Synovial cavity

58
Q

Stiff

A

Ankyl/o

59
Q

Watery flow

A

Rheumat/o

60
Q

Tendon

A

Ten/o

61
Q

Tendon

A

Tendin/o

62
Q

To bind, tie together (suffix)

A

-desis

63
Q

Narrowing (suffix)

A

-stenosis

64
Q

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of jts, primarily of the spine

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

65
Q

Inflammation and painful swelling of jts caused by excessive uric acid in the body

A

Gouty arthritis

66
Q

Progressive,degenerative joint disease

A

Osteoarthritis

67
Q

Chronic jt condition with inflammation and pain, autoimmune reaction

A

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

68
Q

Enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of big toe

A

Bunion

69
Q

Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of wrist

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

70
Q

Fluid filled sac arising from jt capsule or tendons

A

Ganglion cyst

71
Q

Abnormal protrusion of intervertebral disk into spinal cord or nerve

A

Herniation of intervertebral disk

72
Q

Disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise

A

Lyme disease

73
Q

Trauma to ligaments, w/o rupture

A

Sprain

74
Q

Chronic inflamm autoimmune disease involving jts, skin, kidneys, cns, heart and lungs

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

75
Q

Makes up voluntary or skeletal muscles

A

Striated muscle

76
Q

Fibrous tissue that envelops and separate muscles

A

Fascia

77
Q

Makes up involuntary or visceral muscles

A

Smooth muscle

78
Q

Striated in appearance and acts like smooth muscle

A

Cardiac muscle

79
Q

Connection of muscle to bone that moves

A

Insertion of muscle

80
Q

Connection of muscle to a stationary bone

A

Origin of muscle

81
Q

Muscle connected to internal organs, involuntary or smooth

A

Visceral muscle

82
Q

Fascia

A

Fasci/o

83
Q

Fibrous connective tissue

A

Fibr/o

84
Q

Smooth muscle that lines internal organs

A

Leiomy/o

85
Q

Heart muscle

A

Myocardi/o

86
Q

Muscle

A

My/o

Myos/o

87
Q

Sole of foot

A

Plant/o

88
Q

Skeletal muscle connected to bones

A

Rhabdomy/o

89
Q

Muscle and flesh

A

Sarc/o

90
Q

Lack of strength (suffix)

A

-asthenia

91
Q

Development, nourishment (suffix)

A

-trophy

92
Q

Away from (prefix)

A

Ab-

93
Q

Toward (prefix)

A

Ad -

94
Q

Back (prefix)

A

Dorsi-

95
Q

Group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system

A

Muscular dystrophy

96
Q

Chronic inflammatory myopathy

A

Polymyositis

97
Q

Detects an antibody present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune disease

A

Antinuclear antibody test (ANA)

98
Q

Measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

99
Q

Serum is tested for the presence of a antibody found in patients with RA

A

Rheumatoid factor test (RF)

100
Q

Measurement of calcium level in serum

A

Serum calcium (Ca)

101
Q

Measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum

A

Serum creatine kinase (CK)

102
Q

Measurement of uric acid in serum

A

Uric acid test

103
Q

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the jt space

A

Arthrocentesis

104
Q

Taking x-rays after injection of contrast material into a jt

A

Arthrography

105
Q

Surgical repair or replacement of a jt

A

Arthroplasty

106
Q

Low energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis and wrist is used to measure bone mass

A

Bone density test

107
Q

Uptake of a radioactive substance is measured in bone

A

Bone scan

108
Q

X-Ray exam of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk…

A

Diskography

109
Q

AC

A

Acromioclavicular joint

110
Q

ANA

A

Antinuclear antibody

111
Q

BKA

A

Below-knee amputation

112
Q

BMD

A

Bone mineral density

113
Q

CK

A

Creatine kinase

114
Q

CMC

A

Carpometacarpal

115
Q

CTS

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

116
Q

DEXA or DXA

A

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

117
Q

DMARD

A

Disease modifying anti rheumatic drug

118
Q

DO

A

Doctor of osteopathy

119
Q

DTRs

A

Deep tendon reflexes

120
Q

EMG

A

Electromyography

121
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocytes sedimentation rate

122
Q

HNP

A

Herniated nucleus pulposus

123
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

124
Q

NSAID

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

125
Q

OA

A

Osteoarthritis

126
Q

ORIF

A

Open reduction

Internal fixation

127
Q

Ortho

A

Orthopedics

128
Q

P

A

Phosphorus

129
Q

RF

A

Rheumatoid factor

130
Q

SLE

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

131
Q

TKR

A

Total knee replacement

132
Q

THR

A

Total hip replacement

133
Q

TMJ

A

Temporomandibular joint

Med Terms (18 decks)

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