Chapter 5

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

how a medicine changes the body

used to determine if a drug will produce a reaction

Question 2

Median effective dose (ED50)

Answer 2

dose that produces a therapeutic effect in 50% of people

Question 3

Median lethal dose (LD50)

Answer 3

dose at which 50% of people die

Question 4

Median toxic dose (TD50)

Answer 4

dose that will produce toxic results in 50% of people

Question 5

Therapeutic index

Answer 5

LD50 divided by ED50

measure of a drug’s safety margin

Question 6

Potency

Answer 6

size of the dose vs created effect

Question 7

Efficacy

Answer 7

measures magnitude of response produced by a drug

the drug that creates higher response is more efficicious

Question 8

Receptor theory

Answer 8

drug binds to a receptor and causes a change in body chemestry or physiology

Question 9

Cellular receptor

Answer 9

cellular macromolecule where medication binds and initiates effects
are mostly proteins

Question 10

Second messenger events

Answer 10

triggered by a drug binding, will cause a cell to inhibit or stimulate normal activity

Question 11

Non-specific cellular response

Answer 11

change the permeability of the cell membrane
depress membrane excitability
alter cellular pump activity

Question 12

Agonist

Answer 12

a drug that product the same response as a naturally occuring (endogenous) chemical in the body

Question 13

Partial agonist

Answer 13

produces a weaker response than an agonist

Question 14

Antagonist

Answer 14

a drug occupies a receptor and prevents the endogenous chemical from acting

Question 15

Pharmacogenetics

Answer 15

examines the role of heredity in drug response