Chapter 13

Question 1

Nervous system subcategories

Answer 1

CNS

PNS

Question 2

CNS subcategories

Answer 2

Brain

Spinal cord

Question 3

PNS

Answer 3

transmits impulses between CNS to the rest of the body

Question 4

PNS subcategories

Answer 4

motor neurons

sensory neurons

Question 5

Motor neurons subcategories

Answer 5

somatic (voluntary)

autonomic (involuntary)

Question 6

Autonomic system subcategories

Answer 6

sympathetic (fight or flight, adrenergic receptors alpha and beta)
parasympathetic (rest and digest, cholinergic receptors muscaranic and nicitinic)

Question 7

Sympathetic division

Answer 7

“fight or flight’
Stressful activity
preparation-increased HR and BP,dilated pupils and bronchioles, decreased peristalsis and U.O

Question 8

Parasympathetic division

Answer 8

“rest and digest”
releasing acetylcholine (Ach)
receptors are cholinergic

Question 9

Sympathetic-neurotransmitter

Answer 9

epinephrine and norepinephrine

receptors are adrenergic

Question 10

Adrenergic receptors

Answer 10

Alpha 1, 2
Beta 1, 2

A Boy Has Kicking Legs

Question 11

Alpha 1

Answer 11

Arterioles
constrict blood vessels, dilate pupils
Treats: low BP, nasal congestion, eye exams

Question 12

Alpha 2

Answer 12

Brain
inhibit
norepinephrine
lower BP

Question 13

Beta 1

Answer 13

Heart, Kidneys:
increase HR, contractions, increase renin
Treats: cardiac arrest, heart failure, shock

Question 14

Beta 2

Answer 14

Lungs
Inhibits smooth muscle leading to bronchodilation
Treats: asthma, premature labor

Question 15

Dopamine receptors

Answer 15

found all over the body

movement, boost emotional response, boost pleasure, reduce pain

Question 16

Nicotinic receptors at the ganglion

Answer 16

resemble those in tobacco increase HR, and BP, increase motility in GI tract
few pharmacologic applications

Question 17

Muscarinic receptors post ganglion

Answer 17

classic parasympathetic s/s “flu”

many drugs affect these receptors

Question 18

Norepinephrine

Answer 18

released by adrenergic nerves
increase HR, Pupils, BP, Bronchi, BS

decreased UO and GI

Question 19

Acetylcholine

Answer 19

released by cholinergic nerves
decreased HR, Pupils, BP, Bronchi
increased U.O, GI

Question 20

Adrenergic agents

Answer 20

AKA sympathetomimetic
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
“Fight or flight”

Question 21

Adrenergic-blocking agents

Answer 21

AKA adrenergic antagonists inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system
Sympatholytic

Question 22

Cholinergic agents

Answer 22

parasympathomimetics
stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
“Rest & digest”

Question 23

Cholinergic-blocking agents

Answer 23

parasympatholytics or muscarinic blockers
inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system
Anticholinergic

Question 24

Sympathomimetics adverse effects

Answer 24

tachycardia, hypertension, tremors, dizziness, dysrhythmias, urinary retention, anorexia

Question 25

Sympathomimetics nursing considerations

Answer 25

frequently assess VS, skin color & integrity, capillary refill, and urine output

Question 26

Anticholinergic agents

Answer 26

Inhibit parasympathetic impulses

Compete with acetylcholine for binding muscarinic receptors

Question 27

Anticholinergic Therapeutic uses

Answer 27

Causes sympathetic nervous system activation to dominate

GI disorders, ophthalmic procedures, cardiac rhythm abnormalities, preanesthesia, asthma