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Pharm 201 > Chapter 36 > Flashcards

Chapter 36 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Viruses

A

non living

intra-cellular

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2
Q

treating viral infections

A

most do not need tx (common cold)

HIV and Herpes need tx

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3
Q

HIV interacts with what?

A

interacts with CD4 and T cells

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4
Q

HIV progression time

A 
primary infection (3-6 weeks)
Viral dissemination (1-3 months) decreased CD4
HIV antibodies (1-2 weeks)
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5
Q

Normal T4 level

A

600-1200

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6
Q

AIDS PT T4 levels

A

0-250

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7
Q

Late AIDS Complications

A

dementia

decreased coordination

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8
Q

Mycobacterium Avium (MAC)

A

most common cause of infection by non tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in patients with AIDS

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9
Q

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A

Herpes virus family
Transmitted through blood, sexual contact, organ transplants
Dangerous for neonates, immune compromised

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10
Q

CMV Treatment

A

Ganciclovir

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11
Q

Ganciclovir side effect

A

thrombocytopenia

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12
Q

Protozoal Infections

A

Toxoplasmosis
Isosporiasis
Leishmaniasis
Giardia lamblia

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13
Q

Protozoal Infections tx

A

metronidazole (Flagyl) and iodoquinol (Yodoxin)

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14
Q

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)

A

stop HIV copying its genes into the cell

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15
Q

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)

A

disable the enzyme that controls HIV gene copying process

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16
Q

Protease inhibitors (PI)

A

disable protease to keep from forming new HIV

17
Q

Fusion entry inhibitors

A

bind to the proteins on the outside of the HIV virus and stop it from entering the target cell

18
Q

Fusion Inhibitors (Fuzeon) action

A

Tx of HIV

binds to viral particles & prevent adhesion to CD4 cells

19
Q

Fusion Inhibitors (Fuzeon) mode of administration

A

SQ injection

injection site reactions common

20
Q

HIV Pregnancy Guidelines

A

2/3 reduction in prenatal transmission if ZDV started in the 13th week and IV during labor and delivery and to neonate for 6 - 8 weeks

21
Q

When to give HIV tx (CD4T levels)

A

CD4T lymphocytes >500= no tx
CD4T lymphocytes 200-500 + viral load 10,000 to 20,000 =start tx
if PT has infection despite levels, start tx

22
Q

Herpes Virus tx

A

Oral antiviral therapy given for 7 to 10 days

Topical forms of several antivirals are available

23
Q

antiviral ending

A

“vir”

24
Q

acyclovir (Zovirax)

A

herpes tx

25
Q

acyclovir (Zovirax) adverse effects

A

nephrotoxicity is possible when medication is given IV

26
Q

Drugs for Hepatitis

A

Interferon alpha-2b (Intron A)

ribavirin (Rebetol

Pharm 201 (24 decks)

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