chapter 5 Flashcards
what is a paradigm
‘broadly: a philisophical or theoretical framework’
a mode or a way of thinking, a model in which theories and obseravtions sits
what had been recorded becuase of evolutionary thery
that fact that certain traits can be heridertary had been recorded
what were well- educated and sucessful people worried about
overpopulation, increased crime, and potentila of class upheaval
what were there fears of
an increase in ‘social degeneraties’ (in the poor, criminals, racial minorities )
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euegenics movement didnt have much success in the uk
what happened after evolution
after evolution was published science had power and movement likes the eugenics were possible
what happened as evolutionary theory developed
led to a resurgence of interest in animal research
what happened as animal research became more controlled
experiments being conducted became to resemble those in the established sciences
the belief that behvaiour functioned as a conditioned response to environmental stimuli became popular
universla terminology began to be used
behvaioural paradigm -
paradigm - controlled experiments measuring manipulation of animal behviour
limits of behvaioural paradigm
- huamns have free will/ behaviourism is fundamentally determinist
- it cant explain how humans think and process information
what was the philosophical movement which grew in the 1920s onwards
positivism
what did positivism contend
1) because scientific findings are based on a observation and experimentation, they are always true
2) becuase scienfic findings are always true, so are the ideas that drive them
with psyhcologys newfound scientific standing it too began to operate under a positivist philosophy
postitivist paradigm
ultimate fidelity to the experimental method
what is the cognitive revolution
draws parralle between computer processing and mental functions
began to replace behvaiourism
what is the information feedback loop
computing described meaning and value
cognitive paradigm
humans are functional and logical information processors, mental processes are similar to algorithmic models
limits of the cognitive paradigm
- difficulty to definitly prove
- does not take account of non-logical thinking/actions e.g impulisivity, emotions
limitations of positivisim
- it is impossible to ‘objectively’ measure senses of feeling, emotions or value
- it is not always the most useful way of describing concepts
