chapter 11 Flashcards
positivism
ultimate faith in the scientifc method
belief that objective science can uncover the truth
deductive logic
using already known observations to come to a specific conclusion
popper falsificication
scientifc theories must be able to be proved wrong
who made statistical methods mainstream
francis galton and karl pearson
what did statistics do for psychogy
gave it more credibility and aligned it more with existing sciences
what happened as qunatitative methods grew in complexity and power
psych was able to utilise the hypothetico- deductive method to form falsifiable theories and acccuratly test them
what do quantitiative methods use
what are the methods
give examples
probabilistic causation to test hypothesis
these mthods compare means, distribution and variance to produce a significance clause and efffect sizes
f test - is there a difference between the ratios of two varibales
correlation- the relationship between two varibales
t-tests- dot he mean and the dsitribution of collected scores and expected scores vary
regression- how do variables impact one another?
whats he rpoblem with exmaining the average
its an unrealistic target and ignores nuance
other potential issues with qulaitiative methods
underpowered tests- too few ppt
overpowered- too many ppy
sampling bias
using the wrong method
statistics can be misleading or manipulated
cuasation does not mean correlation
phenomenology and positionality
accpeting that researchers can never be objective observers
the world is socially constructed
there are few universla truths and humans are socially and culturally situated
different research aims are best examines with different epistemologies and approaches
what does qualitative research involve
exaples
– a direct huamn element in data collection and /or analysis
examples include
thematic anaysis - what groups of themes emerge in the data
discourse anaysis- examining langauge (written, spoken or signed)
interpretive phenomenological anaysis- how can we understand lived personal experience?
ethnography- how can we describe society?
limits of qualititaive methods
they involve more subjectivity
they cant e conducted on large population so the results are not fully generalisable
they often arnet seen as ‘scienfic’ and so are generally utilised less in society
they are more time consuming
results are hard to verify
can these methods coexist, a mix methods case study
ya
