Chapter 5 Flashcards
how does roger’s humanistic perspective understand the cause and treatment of anxiety?
cause: lack of “unconditional positive regard” in childhood leads to “conditions of worth”
ex. I am good IF I do or don’t do X
how are the amygdala and GABA are associated with anxiety?
amygdala: anxiety response, septal-hippocampal system (memory association triggers anxiety)
GABA: inhibits neuron firing, too few GABA receptors causes GAD
what is the most common antianxiety drug and how does it work?
benzodiazepines provide temporary, modest relief
rebounds anxiety with withdrawal and cessation of use
side effects include drowsiness, etc.
mix badly with other drugs and physical dependence is possible
new wave explanations for anxiety
intolerance of uncertainty (some are extremely uncomfortable not knowing what will happen next in life)
avoidance theory (discomfort of physical symptoms of anxiety so continuously thinking about it)
meta worry (worrying about something then worrying about that worry; stigma and judging ourselves)
biological challenge
physical exercise makes the heart beat fast (like how panic feels)
people with GAD learn that it is normal to feel out of breath, making them calm down
preparedness
evolutionary explanation for phobias
stimulus generalization
response to one stimulus are also elicited by similar stimuli causing GAD from specific phobias
2 common brain structures associated with OCD, hoarding, body dysmorphic
orbitofrontal cortex and left hemisphere
what aspect of neurofunctioning is most strongly linked to hoarding?
poor executive control and abnormal frontal lobe functioning
4 general symptoms associated with stress DOs
intrusion symptoms (flashbacks)
dissociative symptoms (self blame, inability to remember event)
avoidance symptoms (internal/external)
arousal symptoms (outburst, exaggerated startle response)
what hormone seems most implicated with stress DOs?
cortisol
EMDR
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
for stress DOs
