Chapter 3 Flashcards
ethiology
cause of disorder
diathesis-stress
how past vulnerabilities interact with current environmental pressures to produce psychopathology
history of vulnerability is triggered by present conditions
median age of onset for DOs
onset of anxiety DOs vs mood DOs
median age = 14
anxiety = early onset (age 11) ; mood = later onset (age 30)
incidence
new cases of disorder within specific time period
prevalence
all cases within a specific time period
comorbidity
presence of two or more disorders co-occurring in the same person
anxiety is especially comorbid with what disorders?
anxiety and depression
anxiety and bipolar disorder
substance use is comorbid with what disorders?
“X” or any disorder
risk factors
characteristics (personal or environmental) that precede development of disorders
fixed (mostly assigned at birth; gender, race, ethnicity, etc.)
dynamic (can change over time; age, socioeconomic status, relationships, etc.)
childhood trauma
3 types of ACES
adverse childhood experiences
abuse (emotional, physical, sexual)
neglect (emotional, physical)
household dysfunction (mental disorder, incarceration, divorce, etc.)
protective factors
characteristics associated with lower rates of having disorders
social support
extraversion
financial wealth
intelligence
hardiness/resilience
U.S. cultural power groups (male and white, etc.)
stages of prevention
primary (provided to people with risk factors, but no signs of disorder)
secondary (early identification of DOs in their infancy, screenings, and community resources)
tertiary (after disorder onset, education to reduce stigma, education on coping skills for all)
civil commitment
no crime but found unstable (danger to self or others)
forced to receive treatment in mental institution
criminal commitment
charged with crime and unstable
forced to receive treatment in mental institution
not guilty by reason of insanity
mentally unstable at the time of the crime
M’Naghten rule (mental disorder prevented person from knowing right from wrong)
