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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

medication administered to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure

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2
Q

anemia

A

a disorder characterized by lower than normal levels of red blood cells in the blood

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3
Q

aneurysm

A

a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery

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4
Q

angina

A

episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

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5
Q

angioplasty

A

mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel

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6
Q

anticoagulant

A

medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming

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7
Q

aplastic anemia

A

a condition marked by the absence of all formed blood elements

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8
Q

arrhythmia

A

a loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat

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9
Q

atherectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery

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10
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaque

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11
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

rapid uncontrolled twitching of the muscular wall of the atria

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12
Q

automated external defribillator

A

electronic equipment that externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm

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13
Q

beta-blocker

A

medication administered to reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat

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14
Q

bradycardia

A

an abnormally slow resting heart rate, usually at a rate of less than 60 beats per minute

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15
Q

cardiac arrest

A

an event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively

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16
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

a diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and guided into the heart

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17
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

all diseases of the heart muscle

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18
Q

carotid endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery

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19
Q

cholesterol

A

a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

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20
Q

chronic venous insufficiency

A

a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves

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21
Q

coronary artery disease

A

atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle

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22
Q

coronary thrombosis

A

damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

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23
Q

defibrillation

A

the emergency use of electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm

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24
Q

diuretic

A

medication administered to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess salt and water

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25
electrocardiogram
a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
26
embolism
the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
27
embolus
a foreign object, such as a blood clot, a quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor, that is circulating in the blood
28
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
29
erythrocytes
mature red blood cells
30
hemoglobin
oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes
31
hemolytic anemia
condition characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to their premature destruction by the spleen
32
hemorrhage
the loss of a large amount of blood in a short amount of time
33
hemostasis
to stop or control bleeding
34
leukemia
a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood
35
leukocytes
white blood cells, cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances
36
leukepenia
a decrease in the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood
37
megaloblastic anemia
a blood disorder characterized by an anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal
38
mitral valve prolapse
abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely
39
myelodysplastic syndrome
a type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells
40
myocardial infarction
the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup
41
orthostatic hypotension
low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
42
pericardium
double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
43
pernicious anemia
anemia caused by a lack of a protein that helps the body absorb B12 from the gastrointestinal tract
44
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
45
Raynaud's disease
a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
46
sepsis
an infection that results from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the bloodstream
47
sickle cell anemia
a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cells that assume an abnormal sickle shape
48
tachycardia
an abnormally rapid resting heartbeat usually at a rate of more than 100 beats per minute
49
temporal arteritis
inflammation of the temporal arteries that can cause headache, visual impairment, or other symptoms
50
thallium stress test
nuclear imaging test performed to evaluate blood flow to the heart during exercise
51
thrombocytopenia
a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets in the circulating blood
52
thrombolytic
medication that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up
53
thrombosis
the abnormal condition of having a thrombus
54
thrombotic occlusion
the blocking of an artery by a thrombus
55
thrombus
a blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery
56
transfusion reaction
a serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match
57
varicose veins
abnormally swollen veins usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs
58
venous thromboembolism
a blood clot that originates in a vein
59
ventricular fibrillation
rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles
60
ventricular tachycardia
a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles
61
angi/o
blood or lymph vessel
62
aort/o
aorta
63
arteri/o
artery
64
ather/o
plaque, fatty substance
65
brady-
slow
66
cardi/o
heart
67
-crasia
a mixture or blending
68
-emia
blood, blood condition
69
erythr/o
red
70
hem/o; hemat/o
blood, relating to the blood
71
leuk/o
white
72
phleb/o
vein
73
tachy-
fast, rapid
74
thromb/o
clot
75
ven/o
vein

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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