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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

bronch/o bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

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2
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx; throat

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3
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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4
Q

ox/i; ox/o; ox/y

A

oxygen

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5
Q

pharyng/o

A

throat; pharynx

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6
Q

phon/o

A

sound; voice

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7
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura; side of the body

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8
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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9
Q

pneum/o; pneumon/o; pneu-

A

lung; air

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10
Q

pulm/o; pulmon/o

A

lung

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11
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

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12
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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13
Q

spir/o

A

to breath

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14
Q

thorac/o; -thorax

A

chest; pleural cavity

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15
Q

trache/o; trachea

A

windpipe, trachea

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16
Q

anoxia

A

the absence of oxygen from the body’s tissue or organs despite adequate flow of blood

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17
Q

antitussive

A

medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing

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18
Q

aphonia

A

the loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds

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19
Q

asbestosis

A

the form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs

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20
Q

asphyxia

A

the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

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21
Q

asthma

A

a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes

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22
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion of part or all of the lung

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23
Q

bradypnea

A

an abnormally sow rate of respiration; usually of less than 10 breaths per minute

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24
Q

bronchiectasis

A

permanent thickening of the walls of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation

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25
Q

bronchodilator

A

an inhaled medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs

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26
Q

bronchorrhea

A

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

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27
Q

bronchoscopy

A

the visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

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28
Q

bronchospasm

A

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tightens and squeeze the airway closed

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29
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

an irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slow respiration or apnea

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30
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breathe out

31
Q

croup

A

an acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor

32
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

33
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

a life threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucous

34
Q

dysphonia

A

difficulty in speaking which may include any impairment in vocal quality

35
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing

36
Q

emphysema

A

the progressive long term loss of lung function usually due to smoking

37
Q

empyema

A

an accumulation of pus in a body cavity

38
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

the passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway

39
Q

epistaxis

A

bleeding from the nose

40
Q

hemoptysis

A

expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum

41
Q

hemothorax

A

a collection of blood in the pleural cavity

42
Q

hypercapnia

A

abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

43
Q

hyperpnea

A

breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest

44
Q

hypoxemia

A

a condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood

45
Q

hypoxia

A

the condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia

46
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

47
Q

laryngoscopy

A

the visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a laryngoscope

48
Q

laryngospasm

A

the sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

49
Q

mediastinium

A
50
Q

nebulizer

A

an electriconic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist that is inhaled via a face mask or mouthpiece

51
Q

otolaryngologist

A
52
Q

pertussis

A

a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of paroxysmal cough

53
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

54
Q

pleural effusion

A

excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space that prevents the lung from fully expanding

55
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

56
Q

pleurodynia

A

sharp chest pain that occurs when inflamed pleural membranes rub against each other

57
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact

58
Q

pneumonectomy

A

surgical removal of all or part of a lung

59
Q

pneumonia

A

a serious infection or inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other liquid

60
Q

pneumothorax

A

the accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse

61
Q

polysomnography

A

the diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep

62
Q

pulmonary edema

A

an accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues

63
Q

pulmonologist

A
64
Q

pulse oximeter

A

an external monitor that measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood

65
Q

pyothorax

A

the presence of pus in the fallopian tube

66
Q

sinusitis

A

an inflammation of the sinuses

67
Q

sleep apnea

A

a potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels

68
Q

spirometer

A

a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled (volume) and the length of time required for each breath

69
Q

tachypnea

A

an abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute

70
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

71
Q

thoracotomy

A

a surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

72
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a tube to facilitate breathing

73
Q

tracheotomy

A

an emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage

74
Q

tuberculosis

A

an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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