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Anatomy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the integumentary system?

A

epidermis, dermis, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebacous glands, NOT subcutaneous

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2
Q

describe the epidermis

A

composed of stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Keratinocytes are the predominant cells in the:

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

The function of keratin is to:

A

Make skin tough and waterproof

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5
Q

What makes up the stratum basale and what is its function?

A

Stratum germatibum, same as stratum basale

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6
Q

What is the correct arrangement of the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkal cells.
Superficial to deep (stratum corneum)

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7
Q

Which layer of the epidermis consists of 25-30 layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes?

A

Stratum corneum

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8
Q

What is present in thick skin but not in thin skin?

A

Stratum lucidem

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9
Q

What is involved in skin grafts and when are they used?

A

Transfer of a patch of healthy skin taken from a donor site to cover a wound.

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10
Q

The average length of time for a cell to be produced by the stratum basale, rise to the surface, become keratinized, and slough off is about how long?

A

one month

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11
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

Skin disorder keratinocytes reproduce too quickly

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12
Q

Describe the dermis.

A

Contains fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes

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13
Q

What is the superficial portion of the dermis?

A

Papillary region, includes touch receptors called messener corpusels

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14
Q

What is the reticular region of the dermis?

A

Collegen and elastic fibers

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15
Q

What are fingerprints and why are they unique

A

Unique to each individual and constant in pattern throughout life

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16
Q

What is a benign, localized overgrowth of melanocytes that usually appears during childhood or adolescence?

A

nevis/mole

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17
Q

A patient with liver disease has elevated level of bilirubin in his blood. How may the presence of bilirubin affect his skin color?

A

Cause his skin to turn yellow like being jaundiced

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18
Q

An obstetrician has just delivered a baby boy and is concerned because he is cyanotic. Which of the following statements explains the term cyanotic and why the doctor is concerned?

A

Cyanotic means that the skin and mucous membranes have an abnormal bluish tint. Cyanotic skin and mucous membranes reflect a lack of adequate oxygen circulation in the tissues.
–Bluish tint, lack of o2

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19
Q

An individual born without the ability to make the enzyme tyrosinase has what condition? A) vitiligo B) albinism C) jaundice D) cyanosis E) erythema

A

B

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20
Q

What is tattooing and what does it effect?

A

Ink particles into dermis

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21
Q

What are the dangers of body piercing?

A

Jewelry, year to healing, cartilage deformation, interfere with medical produceders

22
Q

What are the accessory structures of the skin?

A

Merkal disks, (hair, sebaceous glands, nails)

23
Q

What constitutes true of hair?

A

Not, composed of living cells

24
Q

What is the function of hair?

A

Protect, light touch, protects nostrils, ear canals

25
Q

What are the functions of the structures of hair?

A

Erector pilli muscle raise hair in response to cold, or emotional stress

26
Q

Which of the following is true of hair growth?

A

Normal hair loss for old people is 100 hairs a day

27
Q

When do hair follicles develop?

A

NOT between 9-10 days after conception

28
Q

Which people are most likely to have white hair?

A

Albino, those who produce air bubbles in the hair shaft

29
Q

what is sebum?

A

Produced by sebaceous gland, attached to hair follicles

30
Q

What is acne?

A

Inflammation of sebaceous glands

31
Q

What is the function eccrine sudoriferous glands?

A

Assists regulation of body temperature

32
Q

What is the function of epocrine sudoriferous glands?

A

Auxiliary, inguinal, areoler, bearded region of face

33
Q

What is the function ceruminous glands?

A

Earwax production

34
Q

Explain what true nails are

A

Not non keratinized, they are keratinized

35
Q

How does thin skin compare to thick skin?

A

Thin skin has fewer sensory receptors than thick skin

36
Q

What is the function of the skin?

A

Excretes waste products, first line of defense, regulates body temp, vitamin D
NOT MAKES VITAMIN A

37
Q

How does skin contribute to regulation of body temperature?

A

Perspiration, evaporates, altering blood flow to dermis

38
Q

In ways does the skin protect?

A

Does NOT Promote dehydration

39
Q

What are cutaneous sensations?

A

touch, pressure, itch, tickle

40
Q

What does the skin excrete?

A

Sweat, salts, ammonia, urea, carbon dioxide, heat, CO2, water

41
Q

A pharmaceutical company wants to create new medications that may be administered transdermally. Based on your knowledge of what the skin can absorb, which of the following products is a good candidate for transdermal delivery?

A

Lipid soluble analgesic related to lidocaine

42
Q

What takes place in epidermal wound healing?

A

Requires basal cells detach from basement membrane

43
Q

What are the phases required for deep wound healing?

A

Inflammatory phase (inflammation), migratory phase, proliferative phase, maturation phase

44
Q

Explain wound healing processes.

A

All of the following except, epidermal wound healin usually results in fibrosis

45
Q

What are the steps of the development of the integumentary system?

A

Epidermis develops from ectoderm,

46

46
Q

How does aging affect the integumentary system?

A

Elasticity and extensibility decreases

47
Q

How does the integumentary system integrate with the other body systems?

A

Cutaneous allows nervous to detect environment and maintain homeostasis

48
Q

What are examples of skin cancers?

A

Basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, malignant melanomas
No, melanoma is the most dangerous and not the most common

49
Q

What is true of burns?

A

the systemic effects of a major burn are a greater threat to life than the local effect of a burn (p. 175) because the body can go into shock, large losses of fluids

50
Q

Who is most likely to develop a pressure ulcer?

A

Paralyzed individual, poor circulation, improper care, bedridden

Anatomy (15 decks)

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