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Anatomy > Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Flashcards

1
Q

1) What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

A

A B and C are correct

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2
Q

2) What makes up the lymphatic system?

A

not yellow bone marrow

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3
Q

3) What are lymphatic vessels?

A

resemble thin walled veins with extra valves in structure

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4
Q

4) What makes up lymph?

A

nearly identical to interstitial fluid in most parts of the body, formation helps return to fluid and plasma proteins that leaked from capillaries to the blood A+B

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5
Q

5) What does the thymus gland do?

A

contains many immature t cells in its cortex

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6
Q

6) Where are lymph nodes found?

A

occur in superficial and deep groups along the lymphatic vessels

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7
Q

7) What is the spleen and how does it function?

A

contains white pulp which sonsists mainly of lymphocytes and macrophages; contains red pulp which performs functions related to blood cells, A and B are correct (D)

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8
Q

8) What are lymphatic nodules ?

A

include the tonsils and peyers patches

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9
Q

9) What do all nonspecific defenses have in common?

A

all are correct

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10
Q

10) What is the first line of defense against pathogens?

A

the skin and mucous membranes

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11
Q

11) What are the antimicrobial proteins found in the blood and interstitial fluid?

A

A B and C are correct

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12
Q

12) Which substance prevents viral replication?

A

interferon

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13
Q

13) What are the phagocytes?

A

not lymphocyte

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14
Q

14) What is inflammation?

A

is a tissue reponse to injury, is characterized by redness, swelling, heat and pain. A + B

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15
Q

15) What is the first stage of the inflammation response?

A

vasodialiation

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16
Q

16) How does immunity differ from nonspecific defenses?

A

A B and C are correct

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17
Q

17) Why can the body recognize so many different antigens?

A

the genes for antigen recepetors can be recombined to form may different recepter proetins

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18
Q

18) What are MHC antigens?

A

A B and C are correct

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19
Q

19) What are true of antibodies?

A

not they are produced by t cells

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20
Q

20) How do antibodies disable antigens?

A

A B and C are correct

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21
Q

21) What is the antibody that can cross the placenta and is the most abundant antibody produced?

A

IgG

22
Q

22) What is complement and what does it do?

A

is a series of proteins that asist in fighting infections and is associagted with phagocytosis, cytolysis, and inflammation A + B are correct

23
Q

23) What is immunological memory?

A

All are correct

24
Q

24) What is negative selection?

A

leads to devleopment of self tolerance

25
Q

25) What are the antigen presenting cells (APCs)?

A

B cells, dendritic cells, memory b cells (D)

26
Q

26) Which cells are involved in antibody-mediated immunity?

A

B cells, plasma cells, memory B cells (D)

27
Q

27) How does increased stress impact immunity?

A

by depresssing cortisol levels

28
Q

28) What causes AIDS and how can it be transmitted?

A

A, B, and C are correct

29
Q

29) What effect does AIDS have on the body and what do AIDS testing measure?

A

NOT current widely used diagnostic test for AIDS detect HIV particles in the blood

30
Q

30) What causes Type II reactions?

A

reactons from igG and igM antibodies reacting in the blood cells

31
Q

31) Loss of self-tolerance, or autoimmunity, is associated with what diseases?

A

All are correct

32
Q

32) What does infectious mononucleosis do to B cells?

A

makes b cells look more like monocytes

33
Q

33) What are lymphomas?

A

cancers of the lymph nodes and other lymphatic organs, including non-hodgkin lymphoma

34
Q

34) What fluid nearly identical to interstitial fluid?

A

lymph

35
Q

35) What is the fatty fluid absorbed into lymphatic system from small intestine called?

A

chyle

36
Q

36) Where do stem cells become immunocompetent?

A

primary lymphatic organs

37
Q

37) Where is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body?

A

spleen

38
Q

38) Where do T cells become immunocompetent?

A

thymus

39
Q

39) What are the dispersed lymphatic nodules associated with mucous membranes?

A

MALT

40
Q

40) What are the substance secreted by NK cellsand damages pathogen’s cell membrane?

A

perforin

41
Q

41) What contains H2O2, OCL-, and O2-; and is the actual site of pathogen destruction in phagocyte?

A

phagoloysosome

42
Q

42) What is the process whereby phagocytes find their way to the site of infection or inflammation?

A

chemotaxis

43
Q

43) What antigen possesses both immunogenicity and reactivity?

A

complete antigen

44
Q

44) What is the multiplication of cells called?

A

proliferation

45
Q

45) What is found in sweat, tears, saliva, mucus, breast milk and gastrointestinal secretions?

A

IgA

46
Q

46) What is the 1st antibody class to be secreted by plasma cells after the 1st exposure to antigen?

A

IgM

47
Q

47) What antibodies are involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions?

A

IgE

48
Q

48) What is the condition when IgE binds to mast cells and basophils; allergen binding to IgE triggers release of vasodilators?

A

anaphlyactic reactions

49
Q

49) What is hypersensitivity reaction associated with hemolytic disease of the newborn called?

A

cytotoxic reaction

50
Q

50) What results from lack of self-tolerance, and is more common with aging?

A

autoimmunity

Anatomy (15 decks)

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