Chapter 22

Question 1

1) What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

A B and C are correct

Question 2

2) What makes up the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

not yellow bone marrow

Question 3

3) What are lymphatic vessels?

Answer 3

resemble thin walled veins with extra valves in structure

Question 4

4) What makes up lymph?

Answer 4

nearly identical to interstitial fluid in most parts of the body, formation helps return to fluid and plasma proteins that leaked from capillaries to the blood A+B

Question 5

5) What does the thymus gland do?

Answer 5

contains many immature t cells in its cortex

Question 6

6) Where are lymph nodes found?

Answer 6

occur in superficial and deep groups along the lymphatic vessels

Question 7

7) What is the spleen and how does it function?

Answer 7

contains white pulp which sonsists mainly of lymphocytes and macrophages; contains red pulp which performs functions related to blood cells, A and B are correct (D)

Question 8

8) What are lymphatic nodules ?

Answer 8

include the tonsils and peyers patches

Question 9

9) What do all nonspecific defenses have in common?

Answer 9

all are correct

Question 10

10) What is the first line of defense against pathogens?

Answer 10

the skin and mucous membranes

Question 11

11) What are the antimicrobial proteins found in the blood and interstitial fluid?

Answer 11

A B and C are correct

Question 12

12) Which substance prevents viral replication?

Answer 12

interferon

Question 13

13) What are the phagocytes?

Answer 13

not lymphocyte

Question 14

14) What is inflammation?

Answer 14

is a tissue reponse to injury, is characterized by redness, swelling, heat and pain. A + B

Question 15

15) What is the first stage of the inflammation response?

Answer 15

vasodialiation

Question 16

16) How does immunity differ from nonspecific defenses?

Answer 16

A B and C are correct

Question 17

17) Why can the body recognize so many different antigens?

Answer 17

the genes for antigen recepetors can be recombined to form may different recepter proetins

Question 18

18) What are MHC antigens?

Answer 18

A B and C are correct

Question 19

19) What are true of antibodies?

Answer 19

not they are produced by t cells

Question 20

20) How do antibodies disable antigens?

Answer 20

A B and C are correct

Question 21

21) What is the antibody that can cross the placenta and is the most abundant antibody produced?

Answer 21

IgG

Question 22

22) What is complement and what does it do?

Answer 22

is a series of proteins that asist in fighting infections and is associagted with phagocytosis, cytolysis, and inflammation A + B are correct

Question 23

23) What is immunological memory?

Answer 23

All are correct

Question 24

24) What is negative selection?

Answer 24

leads to devleopment of self tolerance

Question 25

25) What are the antigen presenting cells (APCs)?

Answer 25

B cells, dendritic cells, memory b cells (D)

Question 26

26) Which cells are involved in antibody-mediated immunity?

Answer 26

B cells, plasma cells, memory B cells (D)

Question 27

27) How does increased stress impact immunity?

Answer 27

by depresssing cortisol levels

Question 28

28) What causes AIDS and how can it be transmitted?

Answer 28

A, B, and C are correct

Question 29

29) What effect does AIDS have on the body and what do AIDS testing measure?

Answer 29

NOT current widely used diagnostic test for AIDS detect HIV particles in the blood

Question 30

30) What causes Type II reactions?

Answer 30

reactons from igG and igM antibodies reacting in the blood cells

Question 31

31) Loss of self-tolerance, or autoimmunity, is associated with what diseases?

Answer 31

All are correct

Question 32

32) What does infectious mononucleosis do to B cells?

Answer 32

makes b cells look more like monocytes

Question 33

33) What are lymphomas?

Answer 33

cancers of the lymph nodes and other lymphatic organs, including non-hodgkin lymphoma

Question 34

34) What fluid nearly identical to interstitial fluid?

Answer 34

lymph

Question 35

35) What is the fatty fluid absorbed into lymphatic system from small intestine called?

Answer 35

chyle

Question 36

36) Where do stem cells become immunocompetent?

Answer 36

primary lymphatic organs

Question 37

37) Where is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body?

Answer 37

spleen

Question 38

38) Where do T cells become immunocompetent?

Answer 38

thymus

Question 39

39) What are the dispersed lymphatic nodules associated with mucous membranes?

Answer 39

MALT

Question 40

40) What are the substance secreted by NK cellsand damages pathogen’s cell membrane?

Answer 40

perforin

Question 41

41) What contains H2O2, OCL-, and O2-; and is the actual site of pathogen destruction in phagocyte?

Answer 41

phagoloysosome

Question 42

42) What is the process whereby phagocytes find their way to the site of infection or inflammation?

Answer 42

chemotaxis

Question 43

43) What antigen possesses both immunogenicity and reactivity?

Answer 43

complete antigen

Question 44

44) What is the multiplication of cells called?

Answer 44

proliferation

Question 45

45) What is found in sweat, tears, saliva, mucus, breast milk and gastrointestinal secretions?

Answer 45

IgA

Question 46

46) What is the 1st antibody class to be secreted by plasma cells after the 1st exposure to antigen?

Answer 46

IgM

Question 47

47) What antibodies are involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 47

IgE

Question 48

48) What is the condition when IgE binds to mast cells and basophils; allergen binding to IgE triggers release of vasodilators?

Answer 48

anaphlyactic reactions

Question 49

49) What is hypersensitivity reaction associated with hemolytic disease of the newborn called?

Answer 49

cytotoxic reaction

Question 50

50) What results from lack of self-tolerance, and is more common with aging?

Answer 50

autoimmunity