Chapter 5 Flashcards
In what ways can neurotransmitter deactivation occur?
- Enzymatic deactivation
- Reuptake
What is reuptake?
The removal of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft by the terminal buttons
What is enzymatic deactivation?
The destruction of the neurotransmitter, after its release, by an enzyme.
What are the types of synaptic connections?
- Axodentric
- Axomuscular
- Axosomatic
Axosomatic
Axon to soma
Axodendritic
Axon to dendrites
Axomuscular
Axon to muscles
Types of Neurotransmitters
- Acetylcholine
- Amines
- Amino Acids
Acetycholine deals with…
Muscle action and memory
What disorder deals with acetycholine?
Alzheimers disease
Amines include…
Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and seratonin
Amino acids include…
GABA, Glutamate, glycine, histamine,
Dopamine deals with…
Movement, learning, and pleasure
What disorder involves dopamine?
Parkinson’s disease. Especially with the tremor and rigidity associated with it.
Seratonin deals with…
Mood and eating.
Glutamate is…
A major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
What disorder is glutamate involved in?
Multiple Sclerosis
GABA is…
A major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
GABA is involved in many disorders such as…
Sleep and eating disorders
Convulsive disorders such as epilepsy
True or false
Acetylcholine can be both inhibitory and excitatory
True!
However, this depends on the organ’s receptors
In the heart, it causes inhibition while in the gut it causes excitation.
Psychoactive drugs are…
Drugs that alter behavior, mood, and states of consciousness.
Antagonists
Drugs that inhibit the effects of a neurotransmitter
Agonists
Drugs that facilitate the effects of a neurotransmitter
What are psychedelics?
Drugs that produce hallucinations and affect cognition.
