Chapter 3: Nervous System Organization

Question 1

What planes can the nervous system be cut into?

Answer 1

1. Horizontal
2. Coronal
3. Saggital

Question 2

What are structures that lie on the same side called?

Answer 2

ipsilateral

Question 3

Structures that are on different sides are…

Answer 3

Contralateral

Question 4

Any movement towards the brain is..

Answer 4

Afferent

Question 5

Any movement away from the brain is…

Answer 5

Efferent

Question 6

What are the divisions of the nervous system

Answer 6

Central and Peripheral

Question 7

What are the subdivisions of the PNS called?

Answer 7

The Automatic and Somatic

Question 8

The somatic nervous system deals with voluntary movements
True or False?

Answer 8

True
This is done by sending information through your muscles

Question 9

What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 9

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 10

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 10

-The fight or flight subdivision
One can have dilated pupils, inhibited digestion, and an accelerated heartbeat.

Question 11

What is the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 11

a subdivision for “resting and digesting”
One has constricted pupils, a slow heartbeat, and activated digestion.

Question 12

What is the Ventricular System?

Answer 12

Hollow, interconnected chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 13

What are Lateral Ventricles?

Answer 13

Surrounds the cerebral cortex and lies within the telencephalon (part of the forebrain)

Question 14

The hindbrain consists of…

Answer 14

The reticular formation and cerebellum

Question 15

What is the cerebellum?

Answer 15

-Is responsible for motor coordination and motor learning.
-Damage can lead to equilibrium problems, postural defects, and impairments of skilled motor activity.

Question 16

What does the reticular formation do?

Answer 16

It is responsible for controlling general arousal and consciousness

Question 17

What is the Medulla responsible for?

Answer 17

Controls automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate

Question 18

What are the parts of the midbrain?

Answer 18

The tectum and the tegmentum

Question 19

What does the tectum do?

Answer 19

Includes nuclei that is involved in orienting movement from the head and eyes to objects.
The superior colliculus receives visual input
the inferior colliculus receives auditory input

Question 20

What are the parts of the diencephalon?

Answer 20

The Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and epithalamus

Question 21

What does the Thalamus do?

Answer 21

Includes nuclei that projects to specific areas of the cortex.

Question 22

What does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 22

Involved in motivated behaviors (such as sleep and sex) and interacts with the pituitary gland to control many endocrine functions.

Question 23

Pineal gland

Answer 23

Secretes the hormone melatonin.

Question 24

The forebrain includes

Answer 24

The basal ganglia, The limbic system, and the neocortex.

Question 25

The Basal ganglia is…

Answer 25

The subcortical structure associated with movement and learning.

Question 26

The limbic system includes the…

Answer 26

Amygdala and the hippocampus

Question 27

The amygdala deals with…

Answer 27

emotional memory

Question 28

What is the function of the hippocampus?

Answer 28

Personal memory

Question 29

What is the substantia nigra?

Answer 29

Is a black substance found within the brain that in involved in motor function

Question 30

What are the structures of the brainstem called?

Answer 30

• Medulla
• Pons
• Hippocampus

Question 31

What are the three forebrain structures?

Answer 31

Basal Ganglia
Cerebral Hemispheres
Amygdala

Question 32

What is the name of the postcentral gyrus?

Answer 32

Primary somatosensory cortex

Question 33

What is the name of the precentral gyrus?

Answer 33

Primary motor cortex. This is responsible for the production of movement such as writing.

Question 34

What are the vetricles called?

Answer 34

• Lateral Ventricles (surrounds the cerebral cortex)
• Third Ventricle (lies within the telencephalon)
• Cerebral Aqueduct
• Fourth Ventricle (Within the hindbrain)

Question 35

What are the Meninges called?

Answer 35

• Pia Mater (Inside)
  -Arachnoid Membrane
• Dura Mater (Outside)