Chapter 27: Psychiatric and Related Disorders. Flashcards
What are the symptoms of depression?
Excessive sadness, thoughts of hopelessness, fatigue, loss of appetite, and loss of interest in one’s usual activities.
What neurotransmitters are involved in the depression?
There is an insufficient activity of norepinephrine and serotonin.
What is typically seen in the neuroimaging of someone who is depressed?
Increased blood flow in the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala.
-Decreased volume in the frontal, prefrontal, left amygdala, and hippocampus, especially on the left side of these structures.
-With elderly depressed people, there are enlarged lateral ventricles.
What dopamine pathways are relevant to Schizophrenia symptoms?
Mesocortical pathway and the pathway from the midbrain to the forebrain.
What is Bipolar Disorder?
A mood disorder in which episodes of depression and mania (excessive euphoria) occur.
What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?
Delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thoughts.
What is typically seen in the neuroimaging of a person who has schizophrenia?
-A decreased prefrontal cortex
-Decreased hippocampus
-Increased ventricular volume, especially the third ventricle
What neurotransmitter is involved with schizophrenia?
Dopamine
Positive symptoms are cause by too much dopamine
Negative symptoms are caused by too little dopamine.
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Psychosis
Disorganized thoughts
Bizzare behavior
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Flattened affect (not showing emotion)
Avolition (Not being motivated, showing apathy)
Alogia (inability to express logically in speech)
What is a phobia?
An exaggerated, unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity, or object.
