Chapter 47: Contraception & Infertility Flashcards
When is day one of the menstrual cycle counted
The start of menses (bleeding)
What is the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle
Surge in estrogen, which causes LH and FSH to increase
What is the ovulatory phase in the menstrual cycle
The LH surge triggers ovulation
Once the egg (oocyte) is released after the LH surge, the egg lives for how long
24 hrs
A person wishing to conceive can use a kit to detect LH. When should this person have intercourse
When the LH surge is detected and for the following 2 days
Which hormone indicates pregnancy
hCG
What time of day is the hCG level the highest & is the best time to use a pregnancy test
in the morning
Folic acid should be taken to help prevent birth defects of the brain and ____
spinal cord (neural tube defects)
The only reversible contraceptive method that has a delay in return to fertility is
the medroxyprogesterone injection
Barrier methods of contraception include
Condoms, diaphragms
Which form of contraceptive can protect against many STDs
condoms (only if latex or synthetic)
What are the only types of lubricants to recommend to use with condoms to make them less likely to break
water or silicone-based (NOT OIL)
Foams, film, creams, suppositories, sponges and jelly contraceptives contain which spermicide
Nonoxynol-9
Hormonal contraceptives inhibit the production of which hormones
FSH and LH (which prevents ovulation)
Estrogen/progestin combination pills are called ___ and non-oral contraceptives that contain estrogen & progestin are called ___
COCs
CHCs
The FDA requires ___ to be dispensed with oral contraceptives
Patient Package Insert (PPI)
What are monophasic COCs
they have the same dose of E and P throughout the pill pack
What are biphasic, triphasic, and quadriphasic pill packs
they mimic the E and P levels during a menstrual cycle. The type of formulation (e.g., triphasic) refers to the number of times the amounts of the hormone change
COCs can be used for other indications besides pregnancy, such as
dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps), PMS, acne in females, anemia, etc
What is the first line treatment for PCOS to regulate menses
COCs
What is first-line treatment for endometriosis
COCs
Which COC is a mild potassium-sparing diuretic which decreases bloating, PMS symptoms, and weight gain and also is associated with less acne
Drosperinone
POPs prevent pregnancy by suppressing ___
ovulation; this thickens the cervical mucous to inhibit sperm penetration and thinning the endometrium
POPs are primarily used in which patients
breastfeeding