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NAPLEX > Chapter 39: Common Skin Conditions > Flashcards

Chapter 39: Common Skin Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Which drugs can cause the skin & secretions to turn brown

A

o Entacapone
o Levodopa
o Methyldopa

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2
Q

Which drug can cause the skin & secretions to turn brown/yellow

A

Nitrofurantoin

think of a nitro cold brew at starbucks that’s brown with yellowish foam on top

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3
Q

Which drug can cause the skin & secretions to turn orange/yellow

A

Sulfasalazine

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4
Q

Which drug can cause the skin & secretions to turn yellow-green

A

Propofol

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5
Q

Which drugs can cause the skin & secretions to turn red-orange

A

Phenazopyridine

Rifampin

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6
Q

Which drug can cause the skin & secretions to turn red

A

Anthracyclines

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7
Q

Which drugs can cause the skin & secretions to turn blue

A

Methylene blue

Mitoxantrone

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8
Q

Which drugs can cause the skin & secretions to turn blue-gray

A

o Amiodarone

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9
Q

______ are the primary determinant of acne along with presence of the bacteria, Cutibacterium acnes and fatty acids (sebum) present in oil (sebaceous glands)

A

Androgens

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10
Q

Retinoids are _____ derivatives

A

vitamin A

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11
Q

How do retinoids work?

A

Reduce adherence of keratinocytes in the oil gland

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12
Q

First-line for mild acne

A

Topicals: Benzoyl Peroxide and/or retinoid

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13
Q

First-line for moderate acne

A

Topicals: combination*
Or
PO antibiotic + BPO + topical retinoid (+ topical antibiotic)

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14
Q

First-line for severe acne

A

Topicals: combination* + PO antibiotic
Or
Oral: isotretinoin

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15
Q

Tretinoin brand names

A

Atralin, Renova, Retin-A, Retin-A Micro

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16
Q

Adapalene brand name

A

Differin

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17
Q

How long do topical retinoids take to work

A

4-12 weeks

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18
Q

T/F: Topical retinoids should be avoided in pregnancy

A

True

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19
Q

Which topical retinoid has a slower release and therefore causes less skin irritaiton

A

Retin-A-Micro

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20
Q

Which topical retinoid is CI in pregnancy

A

Tazarotene

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21
Q

Dapsone gel should be avoided in:

A

G6PD deficiency

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22
Q

Isotretinoin brand names

A

Absorica, Amnesteem

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23
Q

Boxed warning for isotretinoin

A

Birth defects (2 forms of BC are required [cannot use a POP])

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24
Q

Warnings of isotretinoin

A

dry eyes/irritation, dry skin, chapped lips

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25
Females on isotretinoin cannot get pregnant during which times
Cannot get pregnant for 1 month before, during, or 1 month after drug is stopped (remember: 1 looks like the letter I for isotretinoin)
26
Minocycline brand names
Minocin, Solodyn
27
Minocycline should only be used in patients > __ years
12 years
28
Counseling for minocycline
can cause photosensitivity, fetal harm, discoloration in teeth in children
29
Docosantol brand name
Abreeva
30
Which Rx drug is used for cold sores?
Acyclovir topical cream/ointment (Zovirax)
31
How should you apply Abreva cream
apply 5x daily at first sign of outbreak; continue until healed
32
How should you apply Zovirax cream
apply 5x daily for 4 days
33
Drugs that can cause alopecia
chemotherapeutics, valproate, spironolactone, heparin
34
What vitamin deficiencies can cause hair loss
Zinc and Vitamin D deficiency
35
Finasteride brand name for alopecia treatment
Propecia
36
Minoxidil topical brand name
Rogaine
37
Propecia is CI in
pregnancy
38
OTC drugs that can be used for eczema
Aquaphor, Eucerin
39
What rx drugs should be used first in eczema before using topical calcineurin inhibitors, topical PDE4i, and MABs
topical steroids
40
Do not use Elidel and Protopic (topical calcineurin inhibitors) in children < ___ years of age
2
41
Topical calcineurin inhibitors are associated with ___ and should only be used as second-line drugs for short-term in eczema
lymphoma and skin cancer
42
Terbinafine brand name
Lamisil AT cream, gel, or spray
43
Butenafine brand name
Lotrimin Ultra cream
44
Miconazole brand name
Lotrimin AF
45
Tolnaftate brand name
Tinactin
46
Which 2 OTC drugs are highly effective for fungal treatments of the skin
Terbinifine and butenafine | think of a TB test on the skin
47
Topical antifungals should be used for at least _____ weeks, even if it appears healed
2-4 weeks
48
____ is essential for diagnosis of toenail and fingernail infections
20% KOH smear
49
Which oral drugs are approved for toenail and fingernail infections
Itraconazole and terbinifine (Lamisil)
50
Itraconazole (Sporanox) has a boxed warning for
Heart failure
51
pH > ___ indicates the presence of bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis infection
4.5
52
Clotrimazole brand name for vaginal fungal infections
Gyne-Lotrimin (OTC)
53
Miconazole brand name for vaginal fungal infections
Monistat 3 (OTC)
54
Butoconazole brand name for vaginal fungal infections
Gynazole-1 (Rx)
55
Fluconazole dosing for vaginal fungal infection
150 mg PO x 1
56
When should a patient be referred for a vaginal fungal infection
complicated infection, pregnancy | Could give 7-10 days treatment as well and then refer
57
Diaper rash prevention
``` Petrolatum ointment (A & D Ointment) + zinc oxide (a desiccant) - (Desitin) ```
58
If yeast is thought to be involved in a diaper rash, patient can use ___
nystatin
59
Preparation H contains which drug
phenylepherine (topical)
60
Which drug is used for pinworms
Pyrantel pamoate (OTC)
61
Mebendazole and albendazole used for pinworms cause
HA, nausea and hepatotoxicity
62
What drugs are given with systemic worm infections to help with the toxicity
steroids and AEDs
63
When treating pinworms with albendazole, it must be taken with ____ to increase absorption
a high-fat meal *think of fat Albert - ALBEndazole & high-fat meal*
64
Primary treatment for scabies (mites) is _____ (OTC) in a cream formulation and the Rx drug _____
permethrin (Elemite) | Ivermectin (Stromectol)
65
Malathion lotion 0.5% (Ovide) for lice causes ____ and is ____
skin irritation; flammable
66
Lindane shampoo 1% is no longer recommended for lice due to ____
neurotoxicity
67
After each lice treatment, check the hair and use a nit comb to remove nits and lice every _-_ days
2-3
68
DOC for lice & when should treatment be repeated
permethrin (Nix) or pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide (Rid) | Repeat treatment on day 9
69
For burns, _______ can be used topically to reduce infection risk and promote healing
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene; SSD)
70
Primary treatment for skin irritation is topical steroids. OTC hydrocortisone comes in 2 strengths: _____; all other strengths are Rx
0.5% and 1%
71
Potency of vehicles from highest to weakest:
Ointments>creams > lotions > solutions > gels > sprays
72
How often should sunscreen be reapplied
every 2 hours & after swimming
73
How to calculate Time to Burn
TTB (with sunscreen in min) = SPF x TTB (without sunscreen) Example: if someone normally burns in 10 min and they use SPF of 5, then it would extend their time they would burn to 50 min (5x10)
74
Very high potency topical steroids
* Clobetasol propoionate 0.05% Lotion/Shampoo/Spray (Clobex), Cream/Ointment (Temovate), Foam (Olux) * Fluocinonide 0.1% Cream (Vanos)
75
High potency topical steroids
* Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% Cream (Diprolene AF) * Fluocinonide 0.05% Ointment * Mometasone furoate 0.1% Ointment
76
High-Medium potency topical steroids
Fluocinonide 0.05% Cream
77
Medium potency topical steroids
* Mometasone furoate 0.1% Cream | * Triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% Cream, Spray (Kenalog)
78
Lowest potency topical steroids
Hydrocortisone Cream: 0.5%, 1% (Cortaid, Cortisone, Cortizone-10)
79
Ketoconazole 2% Rx shampoo for dandruff brand name
Nizoral
80
Propecia dose for alopecia
1 mg daily at least 3 months to see effect
81
Topical tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) should not be used in children < __ years
2
82
Antifungals should be applied _-_ inches beyond the rash
1-2
83
Fungal infection of the foot
tinea pedis
84
Fungal infection of the genitals, inner thighs, and buttocks
Tinea cruris
85
Circular, red, flat sores that are itchy
tinea corporis (ringworm)
86
Terbinafine has a risk of
hepatotoxicity
87
Mupirocin (Bactroban) is an antibiotic cream/ointment that has very good __ and __ coverage & can be used for _____ colonization
Staph & strep | nasal MRSA colonization
88
Ointments (__% oil and __% water such as Aquaphor) should be used for skin protection over a minor burn to hold in moisture & reduce scarring risk
80% oil | 20% water
89
Hydroxyzine brand name
Vistaril
90
Hydroxyzine is used for
general urticaria (hives)
91
Hydroxyzine common side effects
sedation and dry mouth
92
Sunscreen labeling can no longer use "waterproof" or "sweatproof." They can claim to be "water resistant" but only for __-__ min
40-80

NAPLEX (74 decks)

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