Chapter 44: population ecology Flashcards
density
size/range
what is the most common distribution?
clumped
immigration
adds to population
emigration
takes from population
exponential growth
no outside impact on growth of population (just keeps growing)
Logistic growth
as the population size approaches the carrying capacity, the growth rate slow (because of crowding and competition for resources)
In logistic growth when is growth rate maximal?
when the population size is half the carrying capacity
Density Independent Factors
limit population regardless of population density: droughts or environmental conditions
Density Dependent Factors
competition of limited resources; predation, parasitism, diseases
The ______ of a population helps ecologists understand past changes and predict future changes in population size
age structure
type 1 survivorship curve
humans and large mammals and annual plants; mortality rate increases later in life
type 2 survivorship curve
small mammals and birds; reptiles; plants competing for limiting space; mortality is constant
type 3
turtle grass seedlings and many other herbaceous plants; insects & marine organisms with tiny dispersing larvae and most trees; mortality is highest in the young
semelparity
single reproductive event then death
iteroparity
repeated reproduction
