Chapter 23: Evolutionary Patterns

Question 1

A _______ _____ is a reasoned hypothesis of the evolutionary relationships among organisms

Answer 1

phylogenetic tree

Question 2

polytomy

Answer 2

a node with more than two immediate descending branches

Question 3

monophyletic group

Answer 3

includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants

Question 4

paraphyletic group

Answer 4

includes a common ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants

Question 5

polyphyletic group

Answer 5

does not include the common ancestor

Question 6

A phylogenetic tree is built on the basis of _________

Answer 6

shared derived characters

Question 7

What is an example of an “in between-er”?

Answer 7

Tiktaalik

Question 8

“In between-er”

Answer 8

mixed set of traits from each of the major groups before and after it existed

Question 9

The ______ provides direct evidence of evolutionary history

Answer 9

fossil record

Question 10

_______ and ______ provide independent and corroborating evidence of evolution

Answer 10

phylogeny; fossils

Question 11

Phylogenetic tree depicts the process of _______

Answer 11

speciation

Question 12

synapomorphy

Answer 12

shared derived character