chapter 44- Pharm of hematopoiesis and immunomodulation Flashcards
what is the clinical application of oprelvekin
prevention of severe chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia
what are the contraindications for erythropoietin/ darbepoetin
uncontrolled HTN and hypertensive encephalopathy
how does oprelvekin differ from IL-11
lack of N-terminal proline residue
how does sargramostin effect eosinophil levels
mild and dose-dependent increase in eosinophils
what are some side effects of oprelvekin
fluid retention, atrial fibrillation, oral candidiasis, conjunctival hyperemia; fatigue
what is romiplostim
recombinant IgG1 Fc-peptide fusion protein the binds and activates the TPO receptor
how is romiplostim administered
subcutaneous injection once weekly
what does oprelvekin cause dose-dependent increase in
platelet count and in number of megakaryocytic in bone marrow
what are some side effects of hydroxyurea
myelosuppression, skin ulcer, secondary leukemia with long-term use
what is the clinical application of romiplostim
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purport unresponsive to corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, or splenectomy
what is the clinical application of erythropoietin and darbepoetin
cancer-associated and chemotherapy-induced anemia; anemia of chronic kidney disease
what drug involved in hematopoiesis and immunomodulation may be abused by athletes
erythropoietin / darbepoetin
what is the clinical application of sargramostim
neutropenia, peripheral-blood stem cell harvest
what can happen if epoetin or darbepoetin are administered to non anemia or mildly anemic patients
polycythemia, blood hyper viscosity, and stroke or MI
how do you administered erythropoietin
parenterally
why might 5-azacytidine and decitabine increase cancer risk
because they interfere with normal DNA synthesis
what enzyme does hydroxyurea appear to inhibit
ribonucleotide reductase
what is the mechanism of action of hydroxyurea
block division of HbS-expressing erythroid precursors, leading to increase HbF expression
what is the clinical application of non-topical tretinoin
acute promyelocytic leukemia; acne vulgarism
what is the clinical application of decitabine
myelodysplastic syndrome, sickle cell disease, thalasemma
what is the clinical application of hydroxyurea
sickle cell anemia, refractory chronic myelogenous leukemia, head and neck cancer; malignant melanoma, ovarian carcinoma
how is Eltrombopag administered
oral administration
what is the mechanism of action of decitabine
reverse methylation of gamma globulin gene, leading to increase HbF expression
what are the contraindications for hydroxyurea use
severe bone marrow depression; live rotavirus vaccine
what does levamisole cause macrophages and T cell to secrete
IL-1
what are some adverse effects of levamisole
leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, seizures, exfoliative dermatitis
what do thrombopoietin analogues bind to
Mp1
what is the clinical application of levamisole
colon cancer (in combination with 5-fluorouracil)
what is the mechanism of action of 5-azacytidine
reverse methylation of gamma globulin gene, leading to increase HbF expression
what is Eltrombopag an agonist to
small-molecule TPO receptor
what is the clinical application of topical tretinoin
fine wrinkles of the face
what is the major side effects of filgrastim and PEG-filgrastim
bone pain, influenza like illness
what are the clinical applications of filgrastim and PEG-filgrastim
neutropenia and peripheral-blood stem cell harvest
what cancer is IL-2 particular useful in treating
melanom
what immunosuppressive drug is associated with ATRA syndrome and what is that
tretinoin; ATRA is fever, acute respiratory distress with pulmonary infiltrates, edema and weight gain, and multi system organ failure
