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LECOM pharmacology notecards > chapter 14- serotonergic and central adrenergic neurotransmission > Flashcards

chapter 14- serotonergic and central adrenergic neurotransmission Flashcards

1
Q

what is the clinical application of modafinil

A

atypical depression, narcolepsy, observe sleep apnea

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2
Q

what is the clinical application of dextroamphetamine

A

ADHD, narcolepsy

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3
Q

what is the clinical application of lisdexamfetamine

A

ADHD

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4
Q

what is the clinical application of iproniazid, phenelzine, isocarboxazid

A

depression

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5
Q

what is the mechanism of action of modafinil, dextroaphetamine, lisdexamfetamine

A

inihbit serotonin storage; interfere with ability of synaptic vesicles to store monoamines

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6
Q

what are some adverse reactions seen with modafinil

A

cardiac arrhythmia; HTN; rhinitis, agitation

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7
Q

who is specifically susceptible to psychosis induced by modafinil

A

those with bipolar disorder

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8
Q

what are some adverse reactions seen with dextroamphetamine

A

sudden death, CNS stimulation, xerostomia, restlessness

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9
Q

what inhibitor of serotonin storage has the most significant potential for substance abuse

A

dextroamphetamine

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10
Q

what inhibitor of serotonin syndrome has an adverse effect of Gilles de la tourette syndrome

A

lisdexamfetamine

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11
Q

what is a common adverse effect of all inhibitors of serotonin degradation

A

systemic tyramine toxicity

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12
Q

what are the irreversible, nonselective MAOIs

A

iproniazid, phenelzineu, isocarboxazid

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13
Q

what is the clinical application of moclobemide, befloxatone, brofaromine

A

depression

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14
Q

what is the clinical application of selegiline

A

depression

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15
Q

what is the clinical application of tricyclic antidepressants

A

depression, pain syndromes

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16
Q

what is a specific clinical application of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine

A

nocturnal enuresis

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17
Q

what is a specific clinical application of tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine

A

OCD

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18
Q

what is the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants

A

inhibit reuptake of 5-HT and NE from the synaptic cleft by respectively block 5-HT and NE reuptake transporters, thereby causing enhancement of postsynaptic responses

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19
Q

what are some common adverse reactions seen with tricyclic antidepressants

A

heart block, cardiac arrhythmia, agranulocytosis, jaundice

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20
Q

what is a significant adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressants in the elderly

A

orthostatic hypotension

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21
Q

what are the clinical applications of SSRIs

A

depression, anxiety, OCD, PTSD, pain syndromes

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22
Q

what are the SSRIs

A

citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline

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23
Q

what is serotonin syndrome characterized by

A

hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, myoclonus, and rapid fluctuations in mental status and vital signs

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24
Q

what GI distress is sertraline most often associated with

A

diarrhea

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25
what GI distress is paroxetine most often associated with
constipation
26
what are SSRIs used as first line treatment for
depression, anxiety, OCD
27
what do TCAs with secondary amines preferentially affect
NE system
28
what do TCAs with tertiary amines preferentially affect
5-HT system
29
what is the clinical application of venlafaxine, duloxetine
depression, anxiety, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
30
what is the clinical application of dexveniafaxine
major depressive disorder
31
what is the clinical application of milnacipran
fibromyalgia
32
what is the clinical application of atomoxetine
ADHD
33
what is the clinical application of bupropion
depression, smoking cessation
34
what are the SNRIs
venlafaxine and duloxetine; desvenlafaxine; milnacipran
35
how does venlafaxine act at low concentrations
SSRI by increasing serotonin levels
36
how does venlafaxine act at high concentrations
also increases NE levels
37
what does duloxetine inhibit
NE and 5-HT reuptake
38
what is the active metabolite of venlafaxine
desvenlafaxine
39
what does milnacipran inhibit
NE and 5-HT reuptake
40
what SNRI can cause increased serum cholesterol and triglycerides
desvenlafaxine
41
what is the mechanism of action of atomoxetine
selectively block NE transporter, leading to increased NE levels
42
what are some adverse effects seen with atomoxetine
dysmenorrhea, MI, prolonged QT interval, seizures
43
what is the mechanism of action of bupropion
aminoketone antidepressant that weakly inhibits neuronal uptake of 5-HT, dopamine and NE
44
what is the mechanism of action of mertazapine
blocks 5-HT2a, 5-HT2c, and the alpha2-adrenergic auto receptor and presumably decreases neurotransmission at 5-HT2 synapses while increasing NE neurotransmission.
45
what is the mechanism of action of nefazodone and trazodone
block postsynaptic 5-HT2 receptors
46
what are some contraindications for bupropion use
seizures; electrolyte abnormalities; bulimia/anorexia
47
what medication has the fewest sexual effects among antidepressant agents
bupropion
48
what is the clinical application of mirtazapine
depression
49
what is the clinical application of nefazodone
depression
50
what is the clinical application of trazodone
insomnia, depression
51
what is the clinical application of buspirone
anxiety
52
what is the clinical application of "-triptan"
migraine headache
53
what is the clinical application of ketanserin
glaucoma, HTN
54
what is the clinical application of ondansetron
nausea
55
what are some adverse rxns seen with mirtazapine
agranulocytosis, increased appetite, hyperlipidemia
56
what is trazodone used principally as
somnorific
57
what are some adverse rxns seen with buspirone
MI, stroke, blurred vision, hostile feeling/behavior, nervousness
58
what are some adverse rxns seen with "-triptans"
coronary artery spasm, hypertensive crisis, chest pain, flushing
59
what are some adverse rxns seen with ketanserin
orthostatic hypotension, ventricular tachycardia, flushing, fluid retention
60
what is the mechanism of action of ketanserin
5-HT2a/2c antagonist
61
what is ketanserin used primarily for
topically to reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma
62
what is the mechanism of action of ondansetron
5-HT3 antagonist
63
what medication is a potent antiemetic that is frequently used as an adjunct to cancer chemotherapy or in cases of refractory nausea
ondansetron
64
what are some adverse reactions seen with ondansetron
cardiac arrhythmia, bronchospasm, increased liver enzymes, fatigue
65
what is the clinical application of tegaserod and prucalopride
irritable bowel syndrome with constipation predominance
66
what is the clinical application of alosetron
irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea predominance
67
what is the clinical application of lithium
bipolar affective disorder
68
what are some adverse reactions seen with tegaserod and prucalopride
hypotension, syncope; diarrhea, dizziness, haeche
69
what is the mechanism of action of tegaserod and prucalopride
5-HT4 antagonist
70
what are some adverse reactions seen with alosetron
severe constipation, acute ischemic colitis, abdominal pain, nausea, headache
71
what is the mechanism of action of alosetron
5-HT3 antagonist; decreases serotonergic tone in intestinal cells, thus reducing intestinal motility
72
what are some contraindications for lithium use
severe debilitation/dehydration/sodium depletion; significant CV disease; significant renal impairment; lactation
73
what is the treatment for lithium intoxication
dialysis

LECOM pharmacology notecards (22 decks)

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