chapter 17- analgesia Flashcards
what can the metabolite of meperidine cause
seizures and CNS excitability
what are some adverse effects seem with tramadol
MI, pancreatitis, anaphylaxis, seizure
what is the sole anesthetic agent for procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation
ketamine
what is the clinical use for morphine
pain (moderate to severe); analgesia for mechanically ventilated patient
what are some contraindications for codeine use
during delivery of premature infant; premature infant
what can be used for acute opioid toxicity
naloxone
what metabolizes morphine
liver
what is an absolute contraindication for dextromethorphan use and why
cadmic of MAOI because of risk of serotonin syndrome
what are some additional side effects seen with meperidine
euphoria and mydriasis
what drug used in combination with naloxone results in greater anxiety tremors, palpitations, hot and cold flashes, and elevated plasma cortisol levels
yohimbine
what medication is likely used for long-lasting pain relief in cancer patients
methadone
what are some contraindications for naltrexone use
acute hepatitis or liver failure
what opioid receptor antagonist can adversely cause pulmonary embolisms
naltrexone
what is a contraindication for tramadol use
respiratory depression
what is a contraindication for meperidine use
recent or concomitant MAOI use
what forms are levorphanol available in
IV and oral forms
how desk quinidine reduce analgesic effects of codeine
by inhibiting bioactivation of codeine to morphine
what can be used for detoxification of patients with opioid addiction
methadone
what does propoxyphene markedly increase the serum levels of a
carbamazepine
what can be used for opioid, alcohol addiction
naltrexone
what is the clinical application of dextromethorphan
cough, neuropathic pain
why is a wider application of ketamine limited
its psychomimetic effects
what is the clinical use of codeine
pain (mild to moderate); antitussive
what are some adverse effects seen with dextromethorphan
dizziness, somnolence, fatigue
what are some contraindications of morphine use
severe asthma, paralytic ileus, upper airway obstruction
what are the clinical uses for alvimopan and methylnaltrexone use
postoperative ileus, opioid-mediated bowel dysfunction
what are some adverse effects seen with methadone (in addition to those seen with morphine)
delayed respiratory depression, prolonged QT interval, torsades de pointes
what adverse effect can be caused when codeine is given in excessive dose
codeine
what type of pain is oxycodone and hydrocodone used for
moderate to severe
what are some adverse effects seen with morphine use
respiratory depression, hypotension, confusion, abuse potential, constipation, urinary retention
