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LECOM pharmacology notecards > Chapter 31- Bone Mineral Homeostasis > Flashcards

Chapter 31- Bone Mineral Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

What are some adverse reactions seen with estrogen+progestin therapy

A

Vaginal bleeding, breast tenderness

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2
Q

What is the MOA of raloxifene

A

Estrogen receptor agonist in bone, estrogen receptor antagonist in endometrium and breast

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3
Q

What are some adverse reactions seen with raloxifene

A

Retinal vascular occlusion, venous thromboembolism, hot flashes, leg cramps

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4
Q

What are some contraindications for raloxifene use

A

Pregnancy; history/presence of venous thromboembolism

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5
Q

What is an interesting therapeutic consideration of raloxifene

A

Decreases breast cancer incidence

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6
Q

What pathway does bisphosphonates block

A

Mevalonate pathway

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of bisphosphonates

A

Decrease bone resorption by osteoclasts

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8
Q

What bisphosphonates are useful for treatment of Osteopathic lesions of multiple myeloma and breast cancer

A

Pamidronate, zoledronate

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9
Q

What are some adverse reactions seen with bisphosphonates

A

Jaw osteonecrosis in cancer patients, gastroesophageal pain

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Denosumab

A

RANKL antagonist

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of calcitonin

A

Binds to and activates G protein coupled receptor on osteoclasts, thereby decreasing bone resorption by osteoclasts

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12
Q

What is the clinical application of salmon calcitonin

A

Hypercalcemia, paget disease

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13
Q

What are some adverse rxns seen with salmon calcitonin

A

Flushing, nausea, diarrhea

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14
Q

What is an adverse rxn seen with hPTH 1-34 (teriparatide)

A

Leg cramps

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15
Q

What are some contraindications for hPTH 1-34 (teriparatide) use

A

Open epiphyses, prior radiation therapy, Paget’s disease, hypercalcemia

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16
Q

What are some adverse rxns seen with fluoride use

A

Appendicular fractures, osteomalacia

17
Q

What is a contraindication for fluoride use

A

Renal insufficiency

18
Q

What are some adverse rxns seen with aluminum hydroxide use

A

Encephalopathy, osteomalacia

19
Q

What are some adverse rxns seen with calcium carbonate and acetate

A

Renal calculi, hypercalcemia, constipation

20
Q

What is required for CaCO3 absorption

A

Acidic gastric pH

21
Q

What are some adverse reactions seen with sevelamer

A

Thrombosis, hypertension, constipation

22
Q

What are some contraindications for sevelamer use

A

Hypophosphatemia, bowel obstruction

23
Q

What is a unique side effect of paricalcitol use

A

Edema

24
Q

What is a common adverse rxn seen with potassium phosphate

A

Diarrhea

LECOM pharmacology notecards (22 decks)

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