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343 Pharm Exam 2 > Chapter 41 diuretics > Flashcards

Chapter 41 diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

What is diuretics?

It results in the removal of what?

A

A drug that accelerates the rate of urine formation

Sodium and water

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2
Q

Diuretic drugs are used in the treatment of what 3 things?

A

Hypertension
Heart failure
Renal failure

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3
Q

2.2 pounds is equal to how much fluid loss?

A

1L

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4
Q

Diuretics may increase what and it isn’t good for what??(2)

A

Uric acid levels

Not great choice for a patient with gout or renal stones

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5
Q

What are the 5 types of diuretics?

A

Thiazide
Loop
Osmotic
Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor
Potassium sparing

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6
Q

What are the 3 purposes of diuretics?

A

Reduce hypertension
Decrease edema
Work by decreasing plasma volume

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7
Q

What’s the function of thiazide?
Where does it act on?

A

Promote sodium, chloride, and water excretion

Act on distal convoluted renal tubule

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8
Q

Thiazide typically is the what type of treatment for many patients with hypertension and peripheral edema??

A

First line of treatment

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9
Q

Does thiazide have an immediate effect on diuresis?

A

No

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10
Q

What are the 3 biggest side effects of thiazide?

A

Sodium and potassium loss
Elevated uric acid
Hyperglycemia

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11
Q

Thiazide contraindications are like?
Why?

A

Renal failure
- because it’s cause too much stress on peeing when your renal is already struggling on

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12
Q

Thiazide decreased effect on ___
Increase risk of ____
Decrease effectiveness with ___
Usage with corticosteroid will increase ___

A

Anticoagulants & diabetes meds
Renal toxicity
NSAIDS
Digoxin toxicity

Extra notes
- not dose dependent !!

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13
Q

What is loop diuretics?
Where does it act on?

A

Excrete sodium, water, potassium, calcium and magnesium

Ascending Loop of henle

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14
Q

Example of loop diuretic?
Is it on dose dependent?

A

Lasix

Yes!!

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15
Q

What are the 3 biggest side effects of loop diuretics?

A

Hypokalemia
Neurotoxic
Nephrotoxic

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16
Q

If you need to make someone pee faster what do you give loop or thiazide?

A

Loop

17
Q

Normally patients on loop diuretics are on what___?
Thiszide we just tell them ???

A

Potassium supplement

Education to eat more potassium
( orange juice, banana )

18
Q

A lot of patients think, oh this pill gets rid of this water, so I’ll just stop drinking water!!

DONT DO THIS!!

A
19
Q

Concurrent NSAID will cause what?

A

Decrease effect on systemic vascular resistance

20
Q

When do you take a diuretic??

A

Morning!!

21
Q

Patient who is taking a nephrotoxic medications they may complain about ?

A

Hearing or ringing in there ears
Blood pressure might be higher tho!

22
Q

Patients who are on steroids
And diuretics
And also on digoxin

You want to pay attention what?

A

Digoxin toxics!!

And potassium loss

23
Q

How do you weight someone?

A

Same scale
Same time
Same amount of clothing

24
Q

Patients who take lithium and on a loop diuretic, we should look for what and what happens?

( mental health medication )

A

Low excretion of lithium and risk of toxicity

25
Q

What is osmotic diuretics?
Acts where?

A

Excrete sodium, chloride, potassium, water

Increase sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule and loop of henle

26
Q

The only 2 reason we use osmotic diuretics?

A

Decrease intracranial and intraocular pressure

27
Q

Is osmotic diuretics a rapid diuresis?

A

Yes

28
Q

Example of osmotic diuretics?

A

Mannitol

29
Q

Osmotic diuretics biggest side effects?

A

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
And blurred vision

30
Q

Notes
Contraindications
Heart disease
Heart failure
Peripheral edema
Renal failure

A
31
Q

What is carbonic anhydrase inhibitors used for?

A

Primarily to decrease intraocular pressure in patients with open angel chronic glaucoma

32
Q

What is potassium sparing diuretics?

A

Block the effects of aldosterone
So you don’t lose your potassium

POTASSOUM RENTEION!!

33
Q

What’s the biggest consideration of potassium sparing diuretics??

A

Potassium retention

34
Q

Ace inhibitors and arbs and if you’re patient is on potassium sparing diuretics

Now they have two reason why there potassium is?

A

Elevated !!

343 Pharm Exam 2 (9 decks)

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