Chapter 4 - Understanding the Spectrum of Athletes and Performance

Question 1

subfield

Answer 1

A field of study, research, or practice within another field

Question 2

spectrum

Answer 2

A condition that is not limited to a specific set of values, numbers, or descriptions, but can vary along a scale between two opposite points

Question 3

developmental stage

2 stages

Answer 3

A period in time classified and defined by a set of properties

2 stages: adolescent (10-19) and adult (20-39)

Question 4

lactate threshold

Answer 4

The exercise intensity at which the concentration of lactate begins to increase rapidly

Question 5

ventilatory threshold

Answer 5

The point during exercise at which ventilation (breathing) increases above normal rates

Question 6

hydration status

Answer 6

The status of water balance in the body

Question 7

heart rate variability

Answer 7

The physiological phenomenon of the variance of the duration between heartbeats

Question 8

basal metabolic rate

Answer 8

The metabolic rate (caloric expenditure) of the body at rest

Question 9

puberty

Answer 9

biological changing a child’s body into an adult body capable of reproduction

Question 10

anaerobic

Answer 10

Existing in, or related to, the absence of oxygen

Question 11

phosphagen system

Answer 11

A form of anaerobic metabolism that utilizes a high-energy phosphate donor (creatine phosphate) to generate ATP

aka ATP-PC system

Question 12

glycolitic system

Answer 12

A form of metabolism that involves the breakdown of glucose to generate ATP

Question 13

aerobic

Answer 13

Existing in, or related to, the presence of oxygen

Question 14

substrate utilization

Answer 14

The utilization of a substance that is acted upon during metabolism

Question 15

strength-biased sports

Answer 15

they primarily focus on maximal power or strength production over short durations. These sports include Olympic weightlifting, powerlifting, throwing sports like javelin and shot put, some sprinting sports, and strongman events

Question 16

endurance-biased sports

Answer 16

rely more heavily on oxidative metabolism and sustained workloads at submaximal effort and may also include short spurts of higher intensity output that require the glycolytic and phosphagen systems for energy production

rely heavily on having robust aerobic or oxidative metabolism and high ventilatory thresholds to succeed at their sport.