Chapter 4 - The Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
adipose
A
fatty; relating to fat
2
Q
alopecia from Greek alopekia (mange)
A
lack of hair in spots; baldness
3
Q
apocrine glands from Greek apo-krino (to separate)
A
glands that appear during and after puberty and secrete sweats, as from the axillae
4
Q
ceruminous glands
A
glands that secrete a waxy substance on the surface of the ear
5
Q
collagen from Greek koila (glue) + -gen
A
major protein substance that is tough and flexible and that forms connective tissue in the body
6
Q
corium
A
dermis
7
Q
cuticle
A
thin band of epidermis that surrounds the proximal edge of nails
8
Q
dermis
A
layer of skin beneath the epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves and some glands
9
Q
diaphoresis
A
excretion of fluid by the swear glands; sweating
10
Q
eccrine glands from Greek ek-krino (to separate)
A
sweat glands that occur all over the body, except where the apocrine glands occur
11
Q
epidermis from epi- (upon) + -dermis (layer of skin)
A
outer portion of the skin containing several strata
12
Q
exocrine from exo- (outside) + -krino (to separate)
A
glands that secrete through ducts toward the outside of the body
13
Q
hair follicle
A
tubelike sac in the dermis out of which the hair shaft develops
14
Q
hair root
A
portion of hair beneath the skin surface
15
Q
hair shaft
A
portion of hair visible above the skin surface
16
Q
hypodermis from hypo- (under) + -dermis (layer of skin)
A
subcutaneous skin layer; layer below dermis
17
Q
integument from Latin inteumentum (covering)
A
skin and all elements that are contained within and arise from it
18
Q
keratin
A
hard, horny protein that forms nails and hair
19
Q
lunula (pl. lunulae) from Latin (little moon)
A
half-moon shaped area at base of nail plate
20
Q
melanin
A
pigment produced by melanocytes that determines skin, hair and eye color
21
Q
melanocyte
A
cell in the epidermis that produces melanin
22
Q
nail
A
thin layer of keratin that covers the distal portions of the fingers and toes
23
Q
papillary layer
A
top thin sublayer of dermis containing small papillae (nipple-like masses)
24
Q
pore
A
opening or hole, particularly in the skin
25
reticular layer
bottom sublayer of dermis containing retiucla (network of structures with connective tissue between)
26
sebaceous glands
glands in dermis that open to hair follicles and secrete sebum
27
sebum from Latin sebum (tallow)
oily substance, usually secreted into hair follicle
28
squamous epithelium
flat, scaly layer of cells that makes up epidermis
29
stratified squamous epithelium
layers of epithelial cells that make up strata of epithelium of epidermis
30
stratum from Latin stratum (layer, bed cover)
layer of tissue, especially a layer of the skin
31
stratum corneum
top sublayer of epidermis
32
stratum germinativum
bottom sublayer of epidermis
33
striae from Latin plural of stria (furrow)
stretch marks made in collagen fibers of dermis
34
subcutaneous from sub- (beneath) + Latin cutis (skin)
bottom layer of skin containing fatty tissue
35
sweat glands
coiled glands of skin that secrete perspiration to regulate body temperature and excrete waste products
36
adip(o)
fatty
37
dermat(o), derm(o)
skin
38
hidr(o)
sweat, sweat glands
39
ichthy(o)
fish, scaly
40
kerat(o)
horny tissue
41
lip(o)
fatty
42
melan(o)
black, very dark
43
myc(o)
fungus
44
onych(o)
nail
45
pil(o)
hair
46
seb(o)
sebum, sebaceous glands
47
steat(o)
fat
48
trich(o)
hair
49
xanth(o)
yellow
50
xer(o)
dry
51
bx
biposy
52
DLE
discoid lupus erythematosus, mild form of lupus
53
MRSA
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
54
PPD
purified protein derivative (of tuberculin)
55
dermatology
Medical specialty that deals with disease of skin
56
exudate from ex- (out) + Latin sudo (sweat)
Any fluid excreted out of tissue, especially fluid exceted out of an injury to skin
57
intradermal test
test that injects antigen or protein between layers of skin
58
Mantoux test
indermal test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of PPD tuberculin
59
patch test
test for allergic sensitivity in which a small dose of antigen is applied to skin on a piece of gauze
60
PPD
purified protein derivative of tuberculin
61
Schick test
test for diphtheria
62
scratch test
test for allergic sensitivity in which a small amount of antigen is scratched onto skin surface
63
tine test (TB tine)
screening test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of tuberculin is injected into a series of sites within small space with a tine
64
pediculated polyp
polyp extending upward on a slender stalk
65
sessile polyp
polyp extending from a broad base
66
cosmesis
surgical correction of disfiguring physical defects
67
allograft (homograft)
skin graft from another person
68
autograft
skin graft from self
69
xenograft (heterograft)
skin graft from another species
70
PUVA
psoralen - ultraviolet A light therapy
71
SLE
system lupus erythematosus; most severe form of lupus, involving internal organs
72
VRE
vancomycin-resistant enterococcus
73
abscess from Latin abscessuss (a going away)
localized collection of pus and other exudate, usually accompanied by swelling and redness
74
acne, acne vulgaris
inflammatory eruption of skin, occuring in or near sebaceous glands on face, neck, shoulder, upper ack
75
actinic keratosis
overgrowth of horny skin that forms from over-exposure to sunlight; sunburn
76
albinisim
rare, congenital condition causing either partial or total lack of pigmentation
77
alopecia areata
loss of hair in patches
78
basal cell carcinoma
slow-growing cancer of basal cells of epidermis, usualy a result of sun damage
79
birthmark
lesion visible at or soon after birth
80
comedo (pl. comedos, comedones) from Latin a glutton
open hair follicle filled with bateria and sebum; common in acne; blackhead
81
bulla (pl. bullae)
bubble-like blister on surface of skin
82
callus
mass of hard skin that forms as a cover over broken skin on certain areas of body, especially feet and hands
83
candidiasis from Candid(a)- + -iasis (condition)
yeastlike fungus on skin, caused by Candida; characterized by pruritus, white exudate, peeling, easy bleeding; examples are thrush and diaper rash
84
carbuncle
infected area of skin producing pus and usually accompanied by fever
85
cellulitis from Latin cellu(lar)- + -itis (inflammation)
severe inflammlation of dermis and subcutaneous portions of skin; usually caused by infection that enters skin through an opening, as a wound; characterized by local heat, redness, pain and swelling
86
cherry angioma
dome-shaped cascualr angioma lesion that usually occurs in elderly
87
chloasma from Greek chloazo (to become green)
group of large, pigmented facial patches, often associated with pregnancy
88
cicatrix
growth of fibrous tissue inside a wound that forms a scar; also, general term for scar
89
cold sore
eruption around mouth or lips from Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection
90
corn
growth of hard skin, usually on the toes
91
crust
hard layer, especially one formed by dried pus, as in a scab
92
cyst from Greey kystis (bladder)
abnormal sac containing fluid
93
decubitus ulcer (pl. decubiti), pressure ulcer
chronic ulcer on skin over bony parts that are under constant pressure; pressure sore
94
depigmentation
loss of colof of skin
95
dermatitis
inflammation of skin
96
ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses)
puplish skin patch caused by broken blood vessels beneath the surface; bruise
97
eczema
severe inflammatory condition of skin, usually of unknown cause
98
erosion
wearing away of surface of skin, especially when caused by friction
99
exanthematous viral disease from Greek exanthema (breaking out)
viral disease that results in widespread rash
100
excoriation from Latin excoriatio (to skin)
injury to surface of skin caused by scratch, abrasion or burn; usually accompanied by some oozing
101
fever blister
eruption around the mouth or lips
102
first-degree burn
least severe burn, causes injury to the surface of the skin without blistering
103
fissure
deep slit in skin
104
furuncle
localized skin infection, usually in a hair follicle and contianing pus; boil
105
gangrene from Greek gangraina (eating sore)
death of an area of skin, usually caused by loss of blood supply to the area
106
herpes simplex virus, Type 2 (genital herpes)
herpes that recurs on genitalia; can be easily transmitted from one person to another through sexual contact
107
herpes simplex virus, Type 1
herpes that recurs on the lips and perioral area, usually during viral illnesses or states of stres
108
herpes from Greek (shingles)
an inflammatory skin disease caused by viruses of family herpesviridae
109
herpes zoster; shingles
painful herpes that affects nerve roots and peripheral nerves; shingles
110
urticaria (Hives)
group of reddish wheals, usually accompanied by pruritus and often caused by allergy
111
impetigo from Latin
a type of pyoderma
112
Kaposi's sarcoma, after Moritz Kaposi (Hungarian dermatologist)
skin cancer associated with AIDS
113
keloid from Greek kele (tumor) + -oid (like)
thick scarring of skin that forms after injury or surgery
114
keratosis from kerato- (horny layer) + -osis (condition)
lesion on epidermis containing keratin
115
lesion
wound, damage or injury to skin
116
leukoderma from leuko- (white) + -derma (skin)
absence of pigment in skin or in area of skin
117
leukoplakia from leuko- (white) + -plakia (plaque)
white patch of mucous membrane on tongue or cheek
118
macule
small, flat noticeably colored spot on skin
119
malignant melanoma
virulent skin cancer originating in the melanocytes, usually caused by overexposure to sun
120
neoplasm from neo- (recent, new) + -plasm (formation)
abnormal tissue growth
121
nevus
birthmark
122
nodule
small knob of tissue
123
onychia, onychitis from onycho- (nail) + -ia (condition) or -itis (inflammation)
inflammation of nail
124
onychopathy from onycho- (nail) + -pathy (disease)
disease of nail
125
papule
small, solid elevation on skin
126
paronychia from par(a)- (abnormal) + Greek onyx (nail)
inlammation, with pus, of fold surrounding nail plate
127
patch, plaque
small area of skin differing in color from surrounding area; plaque
128
pediculated polyp
polyp that projects upward from a slender stalk
129
pediculosis from Latin pediculus (louse) + -osis (condition)
lice infestation
130
pemphigus from Greek pemphix (Blister)
autoimmune disease that causes skin blistering
131
petechia (pl. petechiae)
a tiny hemorrhage beneath surface of skin
132
pilonidal cyst from pilo- (hair) + Latin -nidus (nest)
cyst containing hair, usually found at lower end of spinal column
133
plantar wart
wart on sole of foot
134
polyp
bulging mass of tissue that projects outward from skin surface
135
pruritus
itching
136
psoriasis
chronic skin condition accompanied by scaly lesions with extreme pruritus
137
purpura
skin condition with extensive hemorrhages underneath skin covering a wide area
138
pustule
small elevation on skin containing pus
139
pyoderma from pyo- (pus) + -derma (skin)
any inflammation of skin that produces pus
140
ringworm; tinea
fungal infection
141
rosacea
vascular disease that causes blotichy, red patches on skin, particularly on nose and cheeks.
142
roseola
skin eruption of small, rosy patches, usually caused by a virus
143
rubella
disease causing viral skin rash (German measles)
144
rubeola
disease causing viral skin rash (regular measles)
145
scabies
skin eruption caused by a mite burrowing into skin
146
scale
small plate of hard skin that falls off
147
scleroderma from sclero- (hardness) + -derma (skin)
thickening of skin caused by an increase in collagen formation
148
sebaceous cyst
cyst containing yellow sebum
149
seborrhea from sebo- (sebum) + -rrhea (flow)
overproduction of sebum by sebaceous glands
150
second-degree burn
moderately severe burn that affects epidermis and dermis; usually involves blistering
151
sessile polyp
polyp that projects upward from a broad base
152
squamous cell cacinoma
cancer of squamous epithelium
153
telangiectasia
a permanent dilation of small blood vessels
154
third-degree burn
most severe type of burn; involves complete destruction of an area of skin
155
tumor
any mass of tissue; swelling
156
ulcer
open lesion, usually with superifical loss of tissue
157
varicella
contagious skin disease usually occuring during childhiood and often accompanied by formation of pustules; chicken pox
158
vascular lesion
lesion in a blood vessel that shows through skin
159
verruca (pl. verrucae), wart
flesh-colored growth, sometimes caused by a virus; wart
160
vesicle
small, raised sac on skin containing fluid
161
vitiligo
condition in which white patches appear on otherwise normally pigmented skin
162
wheal
itchy patch of raised skin
163
whitehead
closed comedo that does not contain dark bacteria present in whiteheads
164
allograft from allo- (other) + graft; homograft from homo- (alike) + graft
skin graft using donor skin from one person to another;
165
autograft from auto (self-) + graft
skin graft using skin from one's own body
166
biopsy from bi(o)- (life) + -opsy (view)
excision of tissue for microscopic examination
167
cauterize
to apply heat to an area to cause coaglation and stop bleeding
168
cryosurgery
surgical use of liquid nitrogen to freeze tissue
169
curettage
removal of tissue from an area by scraping
170
debridement
removal of dead tissue from a wound
171
dermabrasion from derma- (skin) + abrasion
removal of wrinkles, scars, tattoos, and other marks by scraping with brushes or emery papers
172
electrodessication (ED)
drying with electrical current
173
fulguration
destruction of tissue using electric sparks
174
heterograft; xenograft from hetero- (other) or xeno- (foreign)
skin graft using donor skin from one species to another
175
Mohs surgery (after Frederic Edward Mohs)
removal of thin layers of malignant tissue until nonmalignant tissue is found
176
plastic surgery
repair or reconstruction (as of skin) by means of surgery
177
skin graft
placement of fresh skin ove a damaged area
178
alpha-hydroxy acid
agent (from fruit acids) added to cosmetics to improve skin's appearance
179
anesthetic from Greek anaisthesia (without sensation)
agent that relieves pain blocking nerve sensations
180
antibacterial
agent that kills or slows growth of bacteria
181
antibiotic
agent that kills or slow growth of microorganisms
182
antifungal
agent that kills or slows growth of fungi
183
antihistamine
agent that controls allergic reactions by blocking effectiveness of histamines in the bodyb
184
anti-inflammatory
agent that relieves the symptoms if inflammation
185
antipruritic
agent that controls itching
186
antiseptic
agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms
187
anstringent
agent that removes excess oils and impurities from skin surface
188
chemotherapy
treatment of cancer using chemicals to destroy malignant cells
189
corticosteroid from cortico- (adrenal cortec) + steroid
agent with anti-inflammatory properties
190
emollient
agent that smooths or softens skin
191
keratolytic
agent that aids in removal of warts and corns
192
parasiticide
agent that kills or slows growth of parasites
193
radiation therapy
treatment of cancer using ionizing radiation to destroy malignant cells
194
topical anesthetic
anesthetic applied to surface of skin
195
ultraviolet light therapy
artificial sunlight used to treat some skin lesions
