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Medical Terminology MEDT 1000 > Chapter 4 - The Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - The Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adipose

A

fatty; relating to fat

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2
Q

alopecia from Greek alopekia (mange)

A

lack of hair in spots; baldness

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3
Q

apocrine glands from Greek apo-krino (to separate)

A

glands that appear during and after puberty and secrete sweats, as from the axillae

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4
Q

ceruminous glands

A

glands that secrete a waxy substance on the surface of the ear

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5
Q

collagen from Greek koila (glue) + -gen

A

major protein substance that is tough and flexible and that forms connective tissue in the body

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6
Q

corium

A

dermis

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7
Q

cuticle

A

thin band of epidermis that surrounds the proximal edge of nails

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8
Q

dermis

A

layer of skin beneath the epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves and some glands

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9
Q

diaphoresis

A

excretion of fluid by the swear glands; sweating

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10
Q

eccrine glands from Greek ek-krino (to separate)

A

sweat glands that occur all over the body, except where the apocrine glands occur

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11
Q

epidermis from epi- (upon) + -dermis (layer of skin)

A

outer portion of the skin containing several strata

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12
Q

exocrine from exo- (outside) + -krino (to separate)

A

glands that secrete through ducts toward the outside of the body

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13
Q

hair follicle

A

tubelike sac in the dermis out of which the hair shaft develops

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14
Q

hair root

A

portion of hair beneath the skin surface

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15
Q

hair shaft

A

portion of hair visible above the skin surface

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16
Q

hypodermis from hypo- (under) + -dermis (layer of skin)

A

subcutaneous skin layer; layer below dermis

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17
Q

integument from Latin inteumentum (covering)

A

skin and all elements that are contained within and arise from it

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18
Q

keratin

A

hard, horny protein that forms nails and hair

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19
Q

lunula (pl. lunulae) from Latin (little moon)

A

half-moon shaped area at base of nail plate

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20
Q

melanin

A

pigment produced by melanocytes that determines skin, hair and eye color

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21
Q

melanocyte

A

cell in the epidermis that produces melanin

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22
Q

nail

A

thin layer of keratin that covers the distal portions of the fingers and toes

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23
Q

papillary layer

A

top thin sublayer of dermis containing small papillae (nipple-like masses)

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24
Q

pore

A

opening or hole, particularly in the skin

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25
Q

reticular layer

A

bottom sublayer of dermis containing retiucla (network of structures with connective tissue between)

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26
Q

sebaceous glands

A

glands in dermis that open to hair follicles and secrete sebum

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27
Q

sebum from Latin sebum (tallow)

A

oily substance, usually secreted into hair follicle

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28
Q

squamous epithelium

A

flat, scaly layer of cells that makes up epidermis

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29
Q

stratified squamous epithelium

A

layers of epithelial cells that make up strata of epithelium of epidermis

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30
Q

stratum from Latin stratum (layer, bed cover)

A

layer of tissue, especially a layer of the skin

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31
Q

stratum corneum

A

top sublayer of epidermis

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32
Q

stratum germinativum

A

bottom sublayer of epidermis

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33
Q

striae from Latin plural of stria (furrow)

A

stretch marks made in collagen fibers of dermis

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34
Q

subcutaneous from sub- (beneath) + Latin cutis (skin)

A

bottom layer of skin containing fatty tissue

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35
Q

sweat glands

A

coiled glands of skin that secrete perspiration to regulate body temperature and excrete waste products

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36
Q

adip(o)

A

fatty

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37
Q

dermat(o), derm(o)

A

skin

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38
Q

hidr(o)

A

sweat, sweat glands

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39
Q

ichthy(o)

A

fish, scaly

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40
Q

kerat(o)

A

horny tissue

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41
Q

lip(o)

A

fatty

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42
Q

melan(o)

A

black, very dark

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43
Q

myc(o)

A

fungus

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44
Q

onych(o)

A

nail

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45
Q

pil(o)

A

hair

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46
Q

seb(o)

A

sebum, sebaceous glands

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47
Q

steat(o)

A

fat

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48
Q

trich(o)

A

hair

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49
Q

xanth(o)

A

yellow

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50
Q

xer(o)

A

dry

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51
Q

bx

A

biposy

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52
Q

DLE

A

discoid lupus erythematosus, mild form of lupus

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53
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

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54
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative (of tuberculin)

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55
Q

dermatology

A

Medical specialty that deals with disease of skin

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56
Q

exudate from ex- (out) + Latin sudo (sweat)

A

Any fluid excreted out of tissue, especially fluid exceted out of an injury to skin

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57
Q

intradermal test

A

test that injects antigen or protein between layers of skin

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58
Q

Mantoux test

A

indermal test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of PPD tuberculin

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59
Q

patch test

A

test for allergic sensitivity in which a small dose of antigen is applied to skin on a piece of gauze

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60
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative of tuberculin

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61
Q

Schick test

A

test for diphtheria

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62
Q

scratch test

A

test for allergic sensitivity in which a small amount of antigen is scratched onto skin surface

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63
Q

tine test (TB tine)

A

screening test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of tuberculin is injected into a series of sites within small space with a tine

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64
Q

pediculated polyp

A

polyp extending upward on a slender stalk

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65
Q

sessile polyp

A

polyp extending from a broad base

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66
Q

cosmesis

A

surgical correction of disfiguring physical defects

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67
Q

allograft (homograft)

A

skin graft from another person

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68
Q

autograft

A

skin graft from self

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69
Q

xenograft (heterograft)

A

skin graft from another species

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70
Q

PUVA

A

psoralen - ultraviolet A light therapy

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71
Q

SLE

A

system lupus erythematosus; most severe form of lupus, involving internal organs

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72
Q

VRE

A

vancomycin-resistant enterococcus

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73
Q

abscess from Latin abscessuss (a going away)

A

localized collection of pus and other exudate, usually accompanied by swelling and redness

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74
Q

acne, acne vulgaris

A

inflammatory eruption of skin, occuring in or near sebaceous glands on face, neck, shoulder, upper ack

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75
Q

actinic keratosis

A

overgrowth of horny skin that forms from over-exposure to sunlight; sunburn

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76
Q

albinisim

A

rare, congenital condition causing either partial or total lack of pigmentation

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77
Q

alopecia areata

A

loss of hair in patches

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78
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

slow-growing cancer of basal cells of epidermis, usualy a result of sun damage

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79
Q

birthmark

A

lesion visible at or soon after birth

80
Q

comedo (pl. comedos, comedones) from Latin a glutton

A

open hair follicle filled with bateria and sebum; common in acne; blackhead

81
Q

bulla (pl. bullae)

A

bubble-like blister on surface of skin

82
Q

callus

A

mass of hard skin that forms as a cover over broken skin on certain areas of body, especially feet and hands

83
Q

candidiasis from Candid(a)- + -iasis (condition)

A

yeastlike fungus on skin, caused by Candida; characterized by pruritus, white exudate, peeling, easy bleeding; examples are thrush and diaper rash

84
Q

carbuncle

A

infected area of skin producing pus and usually accompanied by fever

85
Q

cellulitis from Latin cellu(lar)- + -itis (inflammation)

A

severe inflammlation of dermis and subcutaneous portions of skin; usually caused by infection that enters skin through an opening, as a wound; characterized by local heat, redness, pain and swelling

86
Q

cherry angioma

A

dome-shaped cascualr angioma lesion that usually occurs in elderly

87
Q

chloasma from Greek chloazo (to become green)

A

group of large, pigmented facial patches, often associated with pregnancy

88
Q

cicatrix

A

growth of fibrous tissue inside a wound that forms a scar; also, general term for scar

89
Q

cold sore

A

eruption around mouth or lips from Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection

90
Q

corn

A

growth of hard skin, usually on the toes

91
Q

crust

A

hard layer, especially one formed by dried pus, as in a scab

92
Q

cyst from Greey kystis (bladder)

A

abnormal sac containing fluid

93
Q

decubitus ulcer (pl. decubiti), pressure ulcer

A

chronic ulcer on skin over bony parts that are under constant pressure; pressure sore

94
Q

depigmentation

A

loss of colof of skin

95
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin

96
Q

ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses)

A

puplish skin patch caused by broken blood vessels beneath the surface; bruise

97
Q

eczema

A

severe inflammatory condition of skin, usually of unknown cause

98
Q

erosion

A

wearing away of surface of skin, especially when caused by friction

99
Q

exanthematous viral disease from Greek exanthema (breaking out)

A

viral disease that results in widespread rash

100
Q

excoriation from Latin excoriatio (to skin)

A

injury to surface of skin caused by scratch, abrasion or burn; usually accompanied by some oozing

101
Q

fever blister

A

eruption around the mouth or lips

102
Q

first-degree burn

A

least severe burn, causes injury to the surface of the skin without blistering

103
Q

fissure

A

deep slit in skin

104
Q

furuncle

A

localized skin infection, usually in a hair follicle and contianing pus; boil

105
Q

gangrene from Greek gangraina (eating sore)

A

death of an area of skin, usually caused by loss of blood supply to the area

106
Q

herpes simplex virus, Type 2 (genital herpes)

A

herpes that recurs on genitalia; can be easily transmitted from one person to another through sexual contact

107
Q

herpes simplex virus, Type 1

A

herpes that recurs on the lips and perioral area, usually during viral illnesses or states of stres

108
Q

herpes from Greek (shingles)

A

an inflammatory skin disease caused by viruses of family herpesviridae

109
Q

herpes zoster; shingles

A

painful herpes that affects nerve roots and peripheral nerves; shingles

110
Q

urticaria (Hives)

A

group of reddish wheals, usually accompanied by pruritus and often caused by allergy

111
Q

impetigo from Latin

A

a type of pyoderma

112
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma, after Moritz Kaposi (Hungarian dermatologist)

A

skin cancer associated with AIDS

113
Q

keloid from Greek kele (tumor) + -oid (like)

A

thick scarring of skin that forms after injury or surgery

114
Q

keratosis from kerato- (horny layer) + -osis (condition)

A

lesion on epidermis containing keratin

115
Q

lesion

A

wound, damage or injury to skin

116
Q

leukoderma from leuko- (white) + -derma (skin)

A

absence of pigment in skin or in area of skin

117
Q

leukoplakia from leuko- (white) + -plakia (plaque)

A

white patch of mucous membrane on tongue or cheek

118
Q

macule

A

small, flat noticeably colored spot on skin

119
Q

malignant melanoma

A

virulent skin cancer originating in the melanocytes, usually caused by overexposure to sun

120
Q

neoplasm from neo- (recent, new) + -plasm (formation)

A

abnormal tissue growth

121
Q

nevus

A

birthmark

122
Q

nodule

A

small knob of tissue

123
Q

onychia, onychitis from onycho- (nail) + -ia (condition) or -itis (inflammation)

A

inflammation of nail

124
Q

onychopathy from onycho- (nail) + -pathy (disease)

A

disease of nail

125
Q

papule

A

small, solid elevation on skin

126
Q

paronychia from par(a)- (abnormal) + Greek onyx (nail)

A

inlammation, with pus, of fold surrounding nail plate

127
Q

patch, plaque

A

small area of skin differing in color from surrounding area; plaque

128
Q

pediculated polyp

A

polyp that projects upward from a slender stalk

129
Q

pediculosis from Latin pediculus (louse) + -osis (condition)

A

lice infestation

130
Q

pemphigus from Greek pemphix (Blister)

A

autoimmune disease that causes skin blistering

131
Q

petechia (pl. petechiae)

A

a tiny hemorrhage beneath surface of skin

132
Q

pilonidal cyst from pilo- (hair) + Latin -nidus (nest)

A

cyst containing hair, usually found at lower end of spinal column

133
Q

plantar wart

A

wart on sole of foot

134
Q

polyp

A

bulging mass of tissue that projects outward from skin surface

135
Q

pruritus

A

itching

136
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic skin condition accompanied by scaly lesions with extreme pruritus

137
Q

purpura

A

skin condition with extensive hemorrhages underneath skin covering a wide area

138
Q

pustule

A

small elevation on skin containing pus

139
Q

pyoderma from pyo- (pus) + -derma (skin)

A

any inflammation of skin that produces pus

140
Q

ringworm; tinea

A

fungal infection

141
Q

rosacea

A

vascular disease that causes blotichy, red patches on skin, particularly on nose and cheeks.

142
Q

roseola

A

skin eruption of small, rosy patches, usually caused by a virus

143
Q

rubella

A

disease causing viral skin rash (German measles)

144
Q

rubeola

A

disease causing viral skin rash (regular measles)

145
Q

scabies

A

skin eruption caused by a mite burrowing into skin

146
Q

scale

A

small plate of hard skin that falls off

147
Q

scleroderma from sclero- (hardness) + -derma (skin)

A

thickening of skin caused by an increase in collagen formation

148
Q

sebaceous cyst

A

cyst containing yellow sebum

149
Q

seborrhea from sebo- (sebum) + -rrhea (flow)

A

overproduction of sebum by sebaceous glands

150
Q

second-degree burn

A

moderately severe burn that affects epidermis and dermis; usually involves blistering

151
Q

sessile polyp

A

polyp that projects upward from a broad base

152
Q

squamous cell cacinoma

A

cancer of squamous epithelium

153
Q

telangiectasia

A

a permanent dilation of small blood vessels

154
Q

third-degree burn

A

most severe type of burn; involves complete destruction of an area of skin

155
Q

tumor

A

any mass of tissue; swelling

156
Q

ulcer

A

open lesion, usually with superifical loss of tissue

157
Q

varicella

A

contagious skin disease usually occuring during childhiood and often accompanied by formation of pustules; chicken pox

158
Q

vascular lesion

A

lesion in a blood vessel that shows through skin

159
Q

verruca (pl. verrucae), wart

A

flesh-colored growth, sometimes caused by a virus; wart

160
Q

vesicle

A

small, raised sac on skin containing fluid

161
Q

vitiligo

A

condition in which white patches appear on otherwise normally pigmented skin

162
Q

wheal

A

itchy patch of raised skin

163
Q

whitehead

A

closed comedo that does not contain dark bacteria present in whiteheads

164
Q

allograft from allo- (other) + graft; homograft from homo- (alike) + graft

A

skin graft using donor skin from one person to another;

165
Q

autograft from auto (self-) + graft

A

skin graft using skin from one’s own body

166
Q

biopsy from bi(o)- (life) + -opsy (view)

A

excision of tissue for microscopic examination

167
Q

cauterize

A

to apply heat to an area to cause coaglation and stop bleeding

168
Q

cryosurgery

A

surgical use of liquid nitrogen to freeze tissue

169
Q

curettage

A

removal of tissue from an area by scraping

170
Q

debridement

A

removal of dead tissue from a wound

171
Q

dermabrasion from derma- (skin) + abrasion

A

removal of wrinkles, scars, tattoos, and other marks by scraping with brushes or emery papers

172
Q

electrodessication (ED)

A

drying with electrical current

173
Q

fulguration

A

destruction of tissue using electric sparks

174
Q

heterograft; xenograft from hetero- (other) or xeno- (foreign)

A

skin graft using donor skin from one species to another

175
Q

Mohs surgery (after Frederic Edward Mohs)

A

removal of thin layers of malignant tissue until nonmalignant tissue is found

176
Q

plastic surgery

A

repair or reconstruction (as of skin) by means of surgery

177
Q

skin graft

A

placement of fresh skin ove a damaged area

178
Q

alpha-hydroxy acid

A

agent (from fruit acids) added to cosmetics to improve skin’s appearance

179
Q

anesthetic from Greek anaisthesia (without sensation)

A

agent that relieves pain blocking nerve sensations

180
Q

antibacterial

A

agent that kills or slows growth of bacteria

181
Q

antibiotic

A

agent that kills or slow growth of microorganisms

182
Q

antifungal

A

agent that kills or slows growth of fungi

183
Q

antihistamine

A

agent that controls allergic reactions by blocking effectiveness of histamines in the bodyb

184
Q

anti-inflammatory

A

agent that relieves the symptoms if inflammation

185
Q

antipruritic

A

agent that controls itching

186
Q

antiseptic

A

agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms

187
Q

anstringent

A

agent that removes excess oils and impurities from skin surface

188
Q

chemotherapy

A

treatment of cancer using chemicals to destroy malignant cells

189
Q

corticosteroid from cortico- (adrenal cortec) + steroid

A

agent with anti-inflammatory properties

190
Q

emollient

A

agent that smooths or softens skin

191
Q

keratolytic

A

agent that aids in removal of warts and corns

192
Q

parasiticide

A

agent that kills or slows growth of parasites

193
Q

radiation therapy

A

treatment of cancer using ionizing radiation to destroy malignant cells

194
Q

topical anesthetic

A

anesthetic applied to surface of skin

195
Q

ultraviolet light therapy

A

artificial sunlight used to treat some skin lesions

Medical Terminology MEDT 1000 (8 decks)

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