Chapter 3 - Body Structure Flashcards
abdominal cavity
body space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm
blood system
body system that includes blood and all its component parts
cardiovascular system
body system that includes the heart and blood vessels; circulatory system
cell
smallest unit of a living structure
connective tissue
fibrous substance that forms the body’s supportive framework
cranial cavity
space in the head that contains the brain
diaphgram
muscle that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities
digestive system
body system that includes all organs of digestion and waste excretion, from the mouth to the anus
dorsal cavity
main cavity on the back side of the body containing the cranial and spinal cavities
endocrine system
body system that includes glands which secrete hormones to regulate certain body functions
epithelial tissue
tissue that covers or lines the body or its parts
integumentary system
body system that includes skin, hair and nails
lymphatic and immune system
body system that includes the lymph, glands of the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels, and the specific and nonspecific defenses of the immune system
muscle tissue
tissue that is able to contract and relax
musculoskeletal system
body system that includes muscles, bones and cartyilage
nervous system
body system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and controls most body functions by sending and receiving messages
nervous tissue
specialized tissue that forms nerve cells and is capable of transmitting messages.
organ
group of specialized tissue that performs a specific function
pelvic cavity
body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs
reproductive system
either the male or female body system that controls reproduction
respiratory system
body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing
sensory system
body system that includes the eyes and ears and those parts of other systems involved in the reactions of the five senses
spinal cavity
body space that contains the spinal cord
system
any group of organs and ancillary parts that work together to perform a major body function
thoracic cavity
body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs and major blood vessels
tissue
any group of cells that work together to perform a single function
urinary system
body system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra and helps maintain homesotatsis by removing fluid and dissolved waste
ventral cavity
major cavity in the front of the body containing the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities
frontal (coronal) plane
divides body into anterior and posterior portions
sagittal (lateral) plane
plane parallel to the median and divides body into left and right portions
transverse (cross-sectional) plane
intersects body horizontally and divides body into upp and lower secitions
RUQ organs
part of liver, gallbladder, parts of pancreas and intestinal tract
LUQ organs
stomach, spleen, parts of liver, pancreas and intestinal tract
RLQ organs
appendix, parts of intestinal tract, parts of female reproductive organs
LLQ organs
parts of intestinal tract, parts of female reproductive organs
right hypochondriac region
9 sections: upper right
epigastic region
9 sections: mid-upper
left hypochondriac regions
9 sections: upper left
right lumbar region
9 sections: mid-right
umbilical region
9 sections: middle
left lumbar region
9 sections: mid-left
right inguinal (iliac) region
9 sections: lower right
hypogastric region
9 sections: lower middle
left inguinal (iliac) region
9 sections: lower left
anterior
at or toward front
deep
away from surface
distal
away from point of attachment to trunk
dorsal
at or toward back
inferior
below in relation to
lateral
to the side
medial
at or near the middle
midsagittal/medial plane
divides into equal left and right halves of the body
posterior
at or toward the back
proximal
at or near the point of attachment to trunk
superficial
at or near surface
superior
above in relation to
supine
lying on spine facing upward
prone
lying on abdomen facing down
ventral
at or toward front
abdomin(o)
abdomen
acetabul(o)
cup-shaped hip socket
aden(o)
gland
adip(o)
fat
adren(o)
adrenal glands
alveol(o)
air sac, alveolus
angi(o)
vessel
aort(o)
aorta
appendic(o)
appendix
arteri(o)
artery
arteriol(o)
arteriole
arthr(o)
joint; articulation
aur(i), auricul(o)
ear
blephar(o)
eyelid
brachi(o)
arm
bronch(o), bronchi
bronchus
bucc(o)
cheek
burs(o)
bursa
calcane(o)
heel bone
