Chapter 4: terms Flashcards
carp/o
wrist bones
cis/o
cut
cost/o
rib
cutane/o
skin
dactyl/o
fingers, toes
duct/o
lead, carry
flex/o
bend
furc/o
branching
gloss/o
tongue
glyc/o
sugar
immun/o
protection
morph/o
shape, form
mort/o
death
nat/i
birth
norm/o
rule, order
ox/o
oxygen
pub/o
pubis (pubic bone); anterior portion of the pelvic or hipbone
seps/o
infection
somn/o
sleep
son/o
sound
tens/o
force, strain, stretch
the/o
put, place
thel/o, theli/o
nipple
thyr/o
thyroid gland
top/o
place, position, location
tox/o
poison
trache/o
windpipe, trachea
urethr/o
urethra
Suffix:
-crine
secrete
Suffix:
-drome
run
Suffix:
-fusion
coming together; to pour
Suffix:
-gen
substance that produces
Suffix:
-lapse
slide, fall, sag
Suffix:
-lysis
breakdown, destruction, seperation
Suffix:
-meter
measure
Suffix:
-mission
send
Suffix:
-or
one who
Suffix:
-oxia
oxygen
Suffix:
-partum
birth, labor
Suffix:
-phoria
bear, carry; feeling (mental state)
Suffix:
-physis
grow
Suffix:
-plasia
development, formation, growth
Suffix:
-plasm
structure or formation
Suffix:
-pnea
breathing
Suffix:
-ptom
happening, occurence
Suffix:
-ptosis
falling, drooping, prolapse
Suffix:
-rrhea
flow, discharge
Suffix:
-stasis
stopping, controlling
Suffix:
-trophy
development, nourishment
Prefix:
-a, an
no, not, without
-> apnea
Prefix:
-ab
away from
-> abnormal
Prefix:
-ad
toward
-> adductor
Prefix:
-ana
up, apart
- > anabolism
- > urinalysis (urin/o + [an]/ alysis) is a labratory exam of urine that aids in the diagnosis of many medical conditions. In this term lysis means seperation
Prefix:
-ante
before, forward
- > ante cibum: the word cibum means meal
- > anteflexion
Prefix:
-anti
against
- > antibiotic
- > antibody
- > antitoxin: This is an antibody, often from an animal (such as a horse), that acts against a toxin. An example is tetanus antitoxin given against tetanus, an acute bacterial infection of the nervous system.
Prefix:
-auto
self, own
-> autoimmune disease
Prefix:
-bi
two
Prefix:
-brady
slow
->bradycardia:slow heart rate
Prefix:
-cata
down
Prefix:
-con
with, together
autoimmune disease
- > rheumatoid arthritis: affect joints
- > celiac disease: affect intestinal tract
- > graves disease: affecting thyroid gland
Prefix:
-contra
against or opposite. can have 2 meanings
Prefix:
-de
down, lack of
-> dehydration
Prefix:
-dia
through, complete
- > diarrhea
- > diameter
hemodialysis
waste materials are separated from the blood via a machine (artificial kidney) when the kidneys no longer function. another form of dialysis is peritoneal dialysis
Prefix:
-dys
abnormal, bad difficult, painful
- > dyspnea: often cause by respiratory or cardiac conditions, strenuous exercise, or anxiety
- > muscular dystrophy
Prefix:
-ec
out, outside
peritoneal dialysis
a special fluid is inserted into the peritoneal cavity through a tube in the abdomen.
- waste materials (urea) seep into the fluid from the blood.
- fluid and the wastes are then drained from the peritoneal cavity
Prefix:
-endo
in, within
- > endocardium
- > endotracheal: An endotracheal tube, placed through the mouth into the trachea, is used for giving oxygen and in general anesthesia procedures.
Prefix:
-epi
upon, on, above
-> epithelium
Prefix:
-eu
good, normal
- > euphoria
- > euthyroid: normal thyroid function
Prefix:
-ex
out, outside
-> exophthalmos: protrusion of the eyeball associated with enlargement and overactivity of the thyroid gland
Prefix:
-hemi
half
Prefix:
-hyper
excessive, above
-> hyperglycemia: sign of diabetes mellitus
- > hyperplasia: increase in cell numbers. characteristic of tumor growth
- > hypertrophy: increase in size of individual cells
- > hypertension: high blood pressure
sign
an objective finding that is perceived by an examiner such as fever, rash, or hyperglycemia
symptom
a subjective change in condition as perceived by the patient
ex: loss of apetite, abdominal pain, fatigue
Prefix:
-hypo
deficient, under
Prefix:
-in
not
-> insomniac
Prefix:
-in
into, within
-> incision
Prefix:
-infra
beneath, under
Prefix:
-inter
between
-> intercostal- intercostal muscles lie between adjacent ribs
Prefix:
-intra
in, within, into
Prefix:
-macro
large
-> macrocephaly
Prefix:
-mal
bad
- > malaise: discomfort
- > malignant: benign (ben=good) is noncancerous, whereas malignant means cancerous
Prefix:
-meta
beyond, change
-> Metastasis: malignant tumor that has spread to a secondary location
->metamorphosis
Prefix:
-micro
small
- > miscroscope
- > microcephaly: Microcephaly is associated with a smaller, underdeveloped brain. Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly.
Prefix:
-neo
new
Prefix:
-pan
all
-> pancytopenia: deficiency of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
Prefix:
-para
abnormal, beside, near
- > paralysis: abnormal disruption of the connection between nerve and muscle
- > parathyroid gland: Para means beside. the 4 parathyroid glands are located behind the thyroid gland. they secrete a hormone that regulates the calcium levels in blood and tissues
Prefix:
-per
through
Prefix:
-peri
surrounding
->pericardium
Prefix:
-poly
many, much
Prefix:
-post
after, behind
- > postmortem
- > postpartum
Prefix:
-pre
before, in front of
-> prenatal
Prefix:
-pro
before, forward
-> prodrome: Prodromal signs and symptoms (rash, fever) appear before the actual illness (such as chickenpox) and signal its onset. Altered mood, fatigue, flashes of light, or stiff muscles may accompany the prodromal migraine aura that occurs before the actual headache.
Prefix:
-pros
before, forward
-> prosthesis
Prefix:
-re
back, again
- > relapse
- > remission
Prefix:
-retro
behind, backward
-> retroflexion: an abnormal position of an organ, such as the uterus, bent or tilted backward
Prefix:
-sub
under
-> subcutaneous
Prefix:
-supra
above, better
Prefix:
-syn, sym
together, with
-> symphysis: a symphysis is a joint in which the bony surface are firmly united by a layer of fibrocartilage
symbiosis
occurs when 2 organisms live together in close association, either for mutual benefit or not
Prefix:
-tachy
fast
Prefix:
-trans
across, through
-> transfusion
Prefix:
-ultra
beyond, excess
Prefix:
-uni
one
