chapter 4 - Providing Culturally Competent Career Development Interventions

Question 1

what is multicultural counseling

Answer 1

focus on the cultural impression of both the counselor and the client

Question 2

what are the 5 basic assumptions about the American career identity

Answer 2

Individualism and autonomy
Affluence
Opportunity open to all
work is a central point in life
Linearity and rationality of the career development process (cognitively focused)

Question 3

define an etic perspective

Answer 3

interventions for minorities should be the same for those in the majority

Question 4

what is an emic perspective

Answer 4

interventions should be specific to one’s culture

Question 5

what are the 4 Universal Elements of Healing in All Cultures according to FISCHER

Answer 5

The therapeutic relationship
Shared world view
Client expectations
Ritual or intervention

Question 6

define ethnocentrism

Answer 6

assuming your own value system is better which is insensitive to the client

Question 7

what 2 assessments are used to explore world view constructs

Answer 7

Career-in-Culture Interview and the Person-in-Culture Interview

Question 8

define acculturation

Answer 8

adopting the traits and social patterns of another culture

Question 9

what does it mean to be marginal of culture

Answer 9

not accept any culture fully

Question 10

what does biculturalism say about the ability of a person to adjust

Answer 10

the ability to accept several a multiplicity of cultures creates a positive ability to adjust/adapt

Question 11

what are the 3 identity models

Answer 11

race, gender, and LGBTQIA+ model

Question 12

what are the Five Stages of Racial Identity Development according to Atkinson, Morten, & Sue

Answer 12

Stage 1: Conformity
Stage 2: Dissonance
Stage 3: Resistance and immersion
Stage 4: Introspection
Stage 5: Synergy

Question 13

what does gender cause in boys to focus on regarding socialization

Answer 13

competition and skill mastery

Question 14

what does gender cause in girls to focus on regarding socialization

Answer 14

relationships and connections

Question 15

how does gender affect career selection

Answer 15

influences initial career selection to have some a job that is socially supportive of their gender.

Question 16

what are the 5 stages of the feminist identity model according to Gysbers, Heppner, & Johnson

Answer 16

Stage 1: Passive acceptance
Stage 2: Revelation
Stage 3: Embeddedness-emancipation
Stage 4: Synthesis
Stage 5: Active commitment

Question 17

what are the 5 special needs for women according to Cook, Heppner, & O’Brien

Answer 17

attending to the needs of others
Learning to negotiate in the workplace
Accessing quality childcare
Handling sexual harassment in the workplace
Accessing mentors

Question 18

what are the 4 special needs of men in relation to their career

Answer 18

Understanding how socialization has influenced their career choices
Learning to express feelings
stress management
work/life balance

Question 19

what is the Six-Stage Model of Identity Development for Gay Men and Lesbian Women

Answer 19

Stage 1: Confusion
Stage 2: Comparison
Stage 3: Tolerance
Stage 4: Acceptance
Stage 5: Pride
Stage 6: Synthesis

Question 20

what are the Four-Stage Model of Lesbian Identity Development according to SOPHIE

Answer 20

Stage 1: Awareness of same sex feelings without disclosure
Stage 2: exploration of lesbian identity with limited disclosure to heterosexuals
Stage 3: Identity acceptance and preference for gay social interactions
Stage 4: Identity integration with movement from a dichotomous (gay/straight) world view to integrated (altering worldview to be more holistically whole)

Question 21

what are the 5 recommendations for working with those that are a part of the LGBTQIA+

Answer 21

Understand discrimination can be formal or informal (explicit/implicit and micro/macro)
Help clients achieve realistic perceptions regarding discrimination
Explore various options for coping with workplace discrimination
Move at the client’s pace of development

Question 22

define a person with disabilities

Answer 22

different from a normal person – physically, physiologically, neurologically, or psychologically for a multitude of reasons

AKA

physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities

Question 23

describe the Americans with disabilities act x2

Answer 23

employers can consider job functions only when hiring and promoting (not termination)

reasonable accommodations must be made for employees with disabilities

Question 24

what are the 8 career development barriers to those with disabilities according to ZUNKER

Answer 24

Adjusting to disability
Confronting stigma barriers
Overcoming generalizations
Lack of role models and norm groups
Coping with issues associated with age of onset of disability
Developing social skills
Developing a positive self-concept
Developing skills for independent living

Question 25

what skills are needed of a counselor to assist those with disabilities x9

Answer 25

connect client with those with similar disabilities that are employed (hopefulness and normalization),

functional knowledge about legislation, policies, and rights, skills

to offer diagnosis and assessments,

able to assess limitations and adapt to such for exploring possible job choices,

able to apply theories that focus on self-concept or developmental task deficits

able to provide individual and group therapy

collaborate with specialists to assist with planning and placement in a career

work with employers to develop/restructure possible jobs

build and execute skill workshops

Question 26

what are the 7 parts of a Culturally Sensitive Career Interventions according to HERR AND KRAMER

Answer 26

able to provide assistance

self-awareness

knowledge about client’s culture

identification of special needs

assist those of different cultures

help those from varied cultures deal with discrimination

discern client issues that come from SES vs. issues stemming from being a member of a certain race/ethnicity

Question 27

when using assessments in a multicultural situation, what should we attend to

Answer 27

making sure the assessment is not culturally bias and linguistically compliant

Question 28

what are the 6 ways that the career in culture interview can look at career development influences?

Answer 28

culture
family and religion
community and larger society
self-view and self-efficacy
barriers and oppression
narrative and relationship