chapter 3 - Understanding and Applying Recent Theories of Career Development

Question 1

what are 3core concept of post modern theories

Answer 1

focus on the subjective experience and not just assessments, focus on multiculturalism - reality is socially constructed, stress a person’s autonomy

Question 2

what is the theory of Lent, Brown, & Hackett’s

Answer 2

Social Cognitive Career Theory (S C C T)

Question 3

what is the major assumption of the Social Cognitive Career Theory (S C C T)

Answer 3

cognition plays a major role in career decisions

Question 4

what theory of KRUMBOLTZ is Social Cognitive Career Theory (S C C T) linked to

Answer 4

learning theory of career counseling

Question 5

what part of BANDURA’s theory does Social Cognitive Career Theory (S C C T) take into account

Answer 5

triadic reciprocal model of causality

Question 6

what are the 3 parts of the triadic reciprocal model of causality

Answer 6

environment, learning experiences, and person (mainly cognitive factors as memory or anticipation)

Question 7

define self-efficacy according to BANDURA

Answer 7

how a person views their capabilities to achieve an outcome

Question 8

what 4 things shape one’s belief in their self-efficacy

Answer 8

Personal performance accomplishments
Vicarious learning
Social persuasion
Physiological states and reactions

Question 9

what are the 3 parts of the card sort intervention as used by the Social Cognitive Career Theory

Answer 9

organize the cards into jobs they would choose, jobs they won’t choose, and jobs they would question (feel ambiguity towards)

Question 10

of the cards sorted into those they would and would not choose, what are these cards pertaining towards

Answer 10

their perceived beliefs of self-efficacy and outcome expectations and need to be checked for accuracy and faulty assumptions.

Question 11

is the Social Cognitive Career Theory well researched?

Answer 11

yes, and works well for multicultural considerations.

Question 12

what are the 4 assumptions of the Cognitive Information Processing Approach (C I P)

Answer 12

decisions are made by interactions between one’s cognition and affect, the ability to problem solve is due to one’s cognitive knowledge, career developing is alwys evolving as well as knowledge, the goal of counseling is to increased info processing skills

Question 13

what are the 3 dimensions of the cognitive info processing approach

Answer 13

The pyramid of information processing,
C A S V E cycle of decision-making skills, and
The executive processing domain

Question 14

what are the 4 levels of the pyramid of info processioning

Answer 14

self-knowledge
occupational knowledge
decision-making skills
and metacognition (executive processing domain)

Question 15

what are the 3 parts of the metacognition (executive processing domain) in the pyramid of the info processing

Answer 15

self-talk.
self-awareness.
monitoring and control of cognitions.

Question 16

what is the CASVE cycle for the cognitive info processing approach

Answer 16

C-communication
A-analysis
S-synthesis
V-valuing
E-execution

Question 17

what doe the pyramid of info processing assist with

Answer 17

career development

Question 18

what does the 5 steps of the CASVE help with

Answer 18

teaching decision making skills

Question 19

what does the exectuvie process domain assist with

Answer 19

exploring and challenging cognitions

Question 20

what are the 7 steps to using career interventions according to Peterson, Sampson, & Reardon

Answer 20

initial interview, preliminary assessment of readiness of change, define career issues and causes, collaborate to build decision making goals, create a learning plan, execute the learning plan, review progress

Question 21

what is the orientation of the Savickas’ Career Construction Theory

Answer 21

comprehensive so that it explains the what, how and the why of careers

Question 22

what is the basic assumption of the Savickas’ Career Construction Theory

Answer 22

our careers are socially constructed as we create an ideal self-concept as the main character of our life story.

Question 23

what are the 3 parts of the Savickas’ Career Construction Theory

Answer 23

Vocational Personality (Self as Actor)
Career Adaptability (Self as Agent)
Life Themes (Self as Author)

Question 24

what is a vocational personality

Answer 24

self as actor - our values and abilities and personality traits which are used to narrate life stages and how we perform at these points based on our beliefs and interests.

Question 25

what does the Savickas’ Career Construction Theory do with the RIASEC theory of HOLLAND

Answer 25

recycles the idea into our preferences and the possibilites of our career decisions rather than trying to be predictive.

Question 26

what is career adaptability

Answer 26

uses the work of SUPER, and uses the attitudes, beliefs, and our competence (ABC) as we make career changes that may be anticipated or unanticipated

Question 27

what are the 4 C's of career adaptability

Answer 27

Concern Control Curiosity Confidence

Question 28

what are life themes?

Answer 28

pattern of themes that repeat in a person's life and work roles. a person will actively master what they have passively suffered”

Question 29

what theory of counseling does the notion of life themes pull from

Answer 29

narrative theory - how we tell or construct our life story.

Question 30

what is the core thought of the career construction counseling?

Answer 30

help to find private meanings that they attach to their career that help them create their own self-completion

Question 31

what assessment does career construction theory use

Answer 31

Career Construction Interview (C C I)

Question 32

what does the career construction theory interpret for early role models

Answer 32

make up ideal self of the client

Question 33

what does the career construction interpret for early memories

Answer 33

reflect issues from childhood pulling from Adlerian ideas as connected to their career issues.

Question 34

how does career construction interpret one's motto or mantra

Answer 34

reveals the self-talk or story that one uses to guide or advise themselves

Question 35

what does the career constuction theory interpret for one's favorite story

Answer 35

shows the themes of their current struggle (self reflective)

Question 36

how does the career construction theory interpret one's favorite media

Answer 36

shows vocational identity, interests and perceived abilities

Question 37

how well researched is the career construction theory

Answer 37

requires more research, especially in terms of its multicultural considerations.

Question 38

according ot the career construction theory, how does one overcome suffering

Answer 38

by making meaning thru their work

Question 39

is the integrative life planning approach by HANSEN considered a theory?

Answer 39

no, it is a worldview for looking into career development

Question 40

define integrative of the integrative life planning model

Answer 40

integration of the mind, body, and the spirit

Question 41

what does life planning mean according to the integrative life planning model

Answer 41

believes that aspects of life are interrelated (planning requires looking at one's life holistically)

Question 42

what are the 4 assumptions fo the integrative life planning model

Answer 42

changs in the our knowledge support career development, counselors need to help clients build ways to be integrative of their thinking, need to build on self-knowledge and societal knowledge to grow, view counselors as agents of change.

Question 43

according to the integrative life planning model, what are the 6 career development tasks that adults face?

Answer 43

find work that has a niche in shifting global contexts, weave life into a meaningful whole, connect our work and our family, value pluralism and inclusivity, manage stress from changes, explore spirituality and one's life purpose

Question 44

is the integrative life planning model well researched

Answer 44

more research is needed

Question 45

how does narrative theory help with career counseling

Answer 45

focuses on the main character (the individual) living in a specific plot infused with meaning

Question 46

what are the 4 ways narrative theory helps a client

Answer 46

uses a temporal organization (beginning, middle and an end), our narrative is a structure that organizes our life into a whole, focuses on what has been accomplished, focus on an issue and ways to solve the issue

Question 47

what are the 7 steps to using narrative theory in career counseling

Answer 47

identify the issue, build a life history of the client, build a future oriented narrative (how do you want to tell the story), construct that reality plotline, enact self as an role that is capable of change, crystallize the decision to carry out the story

Question 48

what are the 4 factors of constructive career counseling

Answer 48

relationship between therapist and client, agency (empower the client to be self-helpful), meaning making (orient constructions to their meaning), negotiation (reconstruct meaning into realistic standards)

Question 49

what are 3 techniques of the constructive career counseling

Answer 49

laddering technique, the vocational reptest, and vocational card sorts.

Question 50

how does the constructivist intervention measure outcomes

Answer 50

based on fruitfulness (ability of a client to establish meaning or change)

Question 51

how does the constructivist theory interpret the interventions it uses

Answer 51

as experiments to help a person deal with their career isssues

Question 52

what does the chaos theory of career focus on

Answer 52

patterns across time. it does not look at the linearity of development

Question 53

what are the 4 attractors of chaos theory

Answer 53

point, pendulum, torus, strange

Question 54

what is the point attractor fo the chaos theory

Answer 54

tendency of a system to move to a fixed single point.

Question 55

what is the pendulum attractor of the chaos theory

Answer 55

systems swing between 2 points or outcomes (oscillation)

Question 56

what is the torus attractor of the chaos theory

Answer 56

tend to use repetitive behaviors

Question 57

what is the strange attractor of the chaos theory

Answer 57

while the system repeats itself (torus), it does not exactly repeat itself.