Chapter 4 Part 2 (Skin and Body Membranes)

Question 1

The integumentary system protects the body from?

Answer 1

1. Mechanical damage
2. Chemical damage
3. Microbe damage
4. Ultraviolet damage
5. Thermal damage
6. Desiccation (drying out)

Question 2

How does the integumentary system protect against mechanical damage?

Answer 2

Keratin toughens cells, pressure and pain receptors

Question 3

How does the integumentary system protect against chemical damage?

Answer 3

Impermeable keratinized cells

Question 4

How does the integumentary system protect against microbe damage?

Answer 4

1. Unbroken surface with acid mantel inhibit microbes
2. Phagocytes ingest foreign substances like pathogens

Question 5

How does the integumentary system protect against UV damage?

Answer 5

Melanin produces melanocytes and protects DNA from UV

Question 6

How does the integumentary system protect against thermal damage?

Answer 6

Heat, cold and pain receptors

Question 7

How does the integumentary system protect against desiccation?

Answer 7

Water-resistant glycolipid and keratin

Question 8

The integumentary system synthesizes?

Answer 8

Vitamin D

Question 9

During the fifth nd sixth months of development a fetus is covered with?

Answer 9

Downy type of hair called “lanugo”

Question 10

When infants are born they are covered in an?

Answer 10

Oily coating called “vernix caseosa”

Question 11

Skin reaches its optimal appearance in what ages?

Answer 11

20s - 30s

Question 12

As we age what wears down the skin?

Answer 12

1. abrasion
2. chemicals
3. wind
4. sun
5. other irritants

Question 13

Why are older people sensitive to cold?

Answer 13

Subcutaneous tissue decreases