Chapter 3 Part 1 (Cells and Tissues)

Question 1

The structural units of all living things are?

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

List the 4 concepts of cell theory

Answer 2

1. A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms
2. The activity of an organism depends on the collective activities of its cells
3. According to the “Principle of Complementarity” the activities of cells are dictated by their structure (anatomy), which determines function (physiology)
4. Continuity of life has a cellular basis. Or Cells come from cells

Question 3

What are the 4 elements that make up the bulk of the cell?

Answer 3

1. Carbon
2. Nitrogen
3. Oxygen
4. Hydrogen

Question 4

Define generalized cell

Answer 4

Basic components shared by all cells regardless

Question 5

What are the 3 major regions of a cell (know the region locations as well)

Answer 5

1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm
3. Plasma membrane

Question 6

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 6

To make ribosomes

Question 7

What is the function of the chromatin?

Answer 7

Stores DNA when the cell is not dividing.

Question 8

What is the function of the microvilli?

Answer 8

Increase a cells surface are

Question 9

Define selective permability

Answer 9

Barriers such as a membrane that only allows some substances through.

Question 10

Diffusion is where molecules move to areas that are?

Answer 10

Less concentrated

Question 11

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 11

Transport process where molecules and ions move from high concentration to low concentration

Question 12

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 12

Transport process driven by a concentration gradient. Requires a membrane protein to act a a carrier.

Question 13

What is osmosis?

Answer 13

Diffusion of water to a more concentrated area.

Question 14

What is active transport?

Answer 14

Movement across a membrane against a concentration or electrical gradient. Requires use of cellular energy.

Question 15

What is passive transport?

Answer 15

Type of transport that does not require energy to move substance across a membrane.

Question 16

What is solute pumping?

Answer 16

Active transport where a protein carrier is involved

Question 17

What is exocytosis?

Answer 17

Method of movement of substances from the cell interior to extracellular space

Question 18

What is endocytosis?

Answer 18

Movement of large extracellular molecules enter the cell

Question 19

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 19

Ingestion of solid particles by cells

Question 20

What is pinocytosis

Answer 20

Engulfing of extracellular fluid by cells

Question 21

What does hypertonic mean?

Answer 21

To have a higher pressure that particular fluid

Question 22

What does hypotonic mean?

Answer 22

To have a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid