Chapter 4 - Organising Animals And Plants Flashcards
Give an example of a gas transported by plasma.
Oxygen, carbon dioxide.
What is the function of platelets?
To help the blood to clot at the site of a wound.
What is the difference in structure between an artery and a vein?
Arteries have thicker walls than veins; veins have valves along their length whereas arteries do not have valves along their length.
Why do veins have valves?
To prevent the backflow of blood.
What is the function of valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow of blood from ventricles to atria.
Why are statins prescribed by doctors?
To reduce blood cholesterol levels.
In which chamber of the heart is the natural pacemaker found?
Right atrium.
Why do patients with artificial valves need drugs?
To prevent blood from clotting.
Which muscles contract when you breathe in?
Intercostal muscles, diaphragm.
Which structures increase the surface area of the lungs?
Alveoli.
What is the function of palisade mesophyll tissue?
Photosynthesis.
Name a plant organ.
One from: stem, root, leaf.
What are the names of the two transport tissues in flowering plants?
Xylem, phloem.
What is meant by ‘translocation’?
The movement of substances from one region of a plant to another.
By what process does water vapour move out of the leaves?
Diffusion / transpiration.
