Chapter 4: Growth and Development Flashcards
Increase in physical size – height, weight, blood pressure, number of words in vocabulary.
growth
Increase in capabilities or function – ability to sit without support, throw ball overhand.
development
the process by which development proceeds from the head downward through the body and toward the feet
cephalocaudal development
the process by which development proceeds from the center of the body outward to the extremities
proximodistal development
the process of understanding upcoming developmental needs and then teaching caretakers to meet those needs
anticipatory guidance
In normal __________ growth, the child gains control of the head and neck before the trunk and limbs.
a. cephalocaudal
b. proximodistal
a. cephalocaudal
In normal __________ growth, the child controls arm movements before hand movements.
a. cephalocaudal
b. proximodistal
b. proximodistal
Name this age group.
includes infants or babies up to 1 year of age, all of whom require a high level of care in daily activities
a. infancy; birth-12 months
b. toddlerhood; 1-3 years
c. preschool; 3-6 years
d. school age; 6-12 years
e. adolescence; 12-18 years
a. infancy; birth-12 months
Name this age group.
characterized by increased motor ability and independent behavior
a. infancy; birth-12 months
b. toddlerhood; 1-3 years
c. preschool; 3-6 years
d. school age; 6-12 years
e. adolescence; 12-18 years
b. toddlerhood; 1-3 years
Name this age group.
refines gross and fine motor ability and language skills and often participates in a learning program
a. infancy; birth-12 months
b. toddlerhood; 1-3 years
c. preschool; 3-6 years
d. school age; 6-12 years
e. adolescence; 12-18 years
c. preschool; 3-6 years
Name this age group.
begins with entry into a school system and is characterized by growing intellectual skills, physical ability, and independence
a. infancy; birth-12 months
b. toddlerhood; 1-3 years
c. preschool; 3-6 years
d. school age; 6-12 years
e. adolescence; 12-18 years
d. school age; 6-12 years
Name this age group.
mature cognitive thought, formation of identity, and influence of peers are important characteristics
a. infancy; birth-12 months
b. toddlerhood; 1-3 years
c. preschool; 3-6 years
d. school age; 6-12 years
e. adolescence; 12-18 years
e. adolescence; 12-18 years
Which physician believed that “early childhood experiences form the unconscious motivation for actions in later life”?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Erik Erikson
c. Jean Piaget
d. Lawrence Kohlberg
a. Sigmund Freud
Which physician believed that “sexual energy is centered in specific parts of the body at certain ages”?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Erik Erikson
c. Jean Piaget
d. Albert Bandura
a. Sigmund Freud
the basic sexual energy that is present at birth and drives the individual to seek please
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
a. id
the realistic part of the person, which develops during infancy and searches for acceptable methods of meeting impulses
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
b. ego
moral/ethical system, which develops in childhood and contains a set of values and a conscience
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
c. superego
techniques used by the ego to unconsciously change reality, thereby protecting itself from excessive anxiety
defense mechanisms
Name the stages of Sigmund Freud’s theory in order from youngest to oldest.
oral (birth to 1 year)
anal (1 to 3 years)
phallic (3 to 6 years)
latency (6 to 12 years)
genital (12 years to adulthood)
Name this stage of Sigmund Freud’s theory.
derives pleasure largely from the mouth, with sucking and eating as primary desires
a. oral (birth to 1 year)
b. anal (1 to 3 years)
c. phallic (3 to 6 years)
d. latency (6 to 12 years)
e. genital (12 years to adulthood)
a. oral (birth to 1 year)
Name this stage of Sigmund Freud’s theory.
pleasure is centered in the anal area, with contorl over body secretions as a prime force in behavior
a. oral (birth to 1 year)
b. anal (1 to 3 years)
c. phallic (3 to 6 years)
d. latency (6 to 12 years)
e. genital (12 years to adulthood)
b. anal (1 to 3 years)
Name this stage of Sigmund Freud’s theory.
sexual energy becomes centered in the genitalia as the child works out relationships with parents of the same and opposite sexes
a. oral (birth to 1 year)
b. anal (1 to 3 years)
c. phallic (3 to 6 years)
d. latency (6 to 12 years)
e. genital (12 years to adulthood)
c. phallic (3 to 6 years)
Name this stage of Sigmund Freud’s theory.
sexual energy is at rest in the passage between earlier stages and adolescence
a. oral (birth to 1 year)
b. anal (1 to 3 years)
c. phallic (3 to 6 years)
d. latency (6 to 12 years)
e. genital (12 years to adulthood)
d. latency (6 to 12 years)
Name this stage of Sigmund Freud’s theory.
mature sexuality is achieved as physical growth is completed and relationships with others occur
a. oral (birth to 1 year)
b. anal (1 to 3 years)
c. phallic (3 to 6 years)
d. latency (6 to 12 years)
e. genital (12 years to adulthood)
e. genital (12 years to adulthood)