Chapter 4: Disorders Flashcards
What type of disease is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
An autoimmune disease.
What happens when the antibodies produced by lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) mark myelin as something that should not be in the body?
Causes inflammation and destruction of the myelin in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves.
What happens as the insulation around the axons is destroyed by Multiple Sclerosis?
Scarring becomes obvious.
Where does the name of Sclerosis come from?
Sclerosis means hardening of tissue which what a scar is.
What is Multiple Sclerosis?
A chronic, disabling disease.
What are the symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
Range from fatigue, weakness, dizziness and numbness to blindness, spasticity and even paralysis.
What will be the treatments for Demyelinating diseases like MS?
Repairing and Protecting Myelin.
Are there any medications capable of regenerating the Myelin?
No.
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disease caused by?
By a degeneration of brain cells due to dopamine deficiency in the brain.
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is responsible for?
For sending messages between the brain and different nerve cells of the body.
What are the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
Tremor, dyskinesia (uncontrolled movements) muscle stiffness, slow movements and a shuffling gait.
What would be the treatment for Parkinson’s disease?
Temporality replacing dopamine, mimicking the actions of dopamine and deep brain stimulation.
What is deep brain stimulation?
Electrodes are placed in specific areas of the brain that control movement.
How is deep brain stimulation done?
Electrodes are inserted in brain tissue and electrical pulses go thought the electrodes to decrease Parkinson’s symptoms.
