Chapter 4: Connective Tissue Flashcards
4 Categories Of Connective Tissue
- connective tissue proper
- cartilage
- bone (osseous)
- blood
Connective Tissue Characteristics
- all are derived from an embryonic tissue called Mesenchyme
- contain relatively few cells; mostly contain nonliving things (extracellular matrix)
- a connective tissue derives its function from its matrix - connective tissue cells make + maintain matrix
Connective Tissue Proper Prefix
Fibro____
Cartilage Prefix
Chondro___
Bone Prefix
Osteo___
Suffix: cell is currently making matrix
____Blast
Suffix: cell is not currently making matrix
____Cyte
Do Blood Cells make Matrix?
No
Hemocytoblast
(stem cell)
haven’t formed into a full functioning cell
Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
/ hemocytoblast -- Leukocyte (white blood cells)
l
Thrombocyte (platelets)- clot blood in case of injury
Components Of Matrix
consists of ground substance and fibers
Matrix: Ground Substance (what’s in ground substance)
- interstitial fluid (IF)- a tissue’s water
- glycoproteins
- cell adhesion proteins
- glycosaminoglycans (GAG’s)- provide rigiditymore rigid l bone(completely inflexible)
l
l cartilage (rigid but not inflexible)
GAG’s I
I adipose (gelatinous)
l
less l blood (fluid)
Connective Tissue Fibers: 3 Kinds
- collagen
- elastic
- reticular
Collagen Fiber
resist pulling + tearing forces
Elastic Fibers
can be bent + stretched repeatedly
Reticular Fibers
form networks
Connective Tissue Proper: 2 Subcategories
Loose Connective Tissue- loose consistency
- areolar
- adipose
- reticular
Dense Connective Tissue
- dense regular
- dense irregular
- elastic tissue
Loose Connective Tissue: Areolar
-all 3 fiber type
-gelatinous (few GAG’s)
-fibroblasts/cytes (make all 3 fibers)
Functions:
-wraps organs + keeps them in place (bubble wrap of human body)
-absorbs excess fluid away from their tissues
Loose Connective Tissue: Areolar Function
- wraps organs + keeps them in place (bubble wrap of human body)
- absorbs excess fluid away from their tissues
Loose Connective Tissue: Adipose
- all 3 fiber types
- gelatinous (few GAG’s)
- fibroblasts/cytes (make all 3 fibers)
- Adipocytes (adipose cells)- store fat
function: - energy storage
- insulation
- cushioning
Loose Connective Tissue: Adipose Function
- energy storage
- insulation
- cushioning
Loose Connective Tissue: Reticular Tissue
-only reticular fibers, no collagen or elastic fibers
-gelatinous
-reticular cells (Reticulo___)
Functions:
-fluid filtration (found in spleen, which filters blood)
Loose Connective Tissue: Reticular Function
fluid filtration (found in spleen, which filters blood)
Dense Connective Tissue: Dense Regular
-consists of large #’s of collagen fibers arranged in parallel
Function:
-strongly resists pulling forces applied in the direction of the fibers
Location: Tendons (attach muscle to bone)
Dense Connective Tissue: Dense Regular Function + Location
Function:
-strongly resists pulling forces applied in the direction of the fibers
Location:
-Tendons (attach muscle to bone)
Dense Connective Tissue: Dense Irregular
-consists of large #'s of collagen fibers arranged in multiple directions Functions: -resists tearing in multiple directions Locations: -dermis (deeper layer of skin)
Dense Connective Tissue: Dense Irregular Function + Location
Function:
-resists tearing in multiple directions
Location:
-dermis (deeper layer of skin)
Dense Connective Tissue: Elastic Tissue
-contains lots of regularly arranged elastic fibers Function: -can be stretched repeatedly + rapidly Location: -elastic arteries
Dense Connective Tissue: Elastic Tissue Function + Location
Function:
-can be stretched repeatedly + rapidly
Location:
-elastic arteries
Cartilage and 2 Main Properties
-chondroblasts/cytes (in Lacunae)
2 properties:
-rigidity- lots of collagen fibers, lots of GAG’s
-compressible- lots of water (some of the water isn’t “trapped” by GAG’s)
Cartilage: Hyaline
rigid, compressible = function: “shock absorber” for skeleton
Cartilage: Elastic
similar to hyaline cartilage, but possesses elastic as well as collagen fibers
Function:
-rigid but can be bent repeatedly
Location:
-Pinnae (external part of ear; bend it and it snaps right back)
Cartilage: Fibrocartilage
Similar to hyaline cartilage but;
- has more collagen fibers
- collagen fibers are regularly arranged
Essentially a hybrid of hyaline cartilage (shock absorber) + dense regular connective tissue (resists rupture)
Location- intervertebral discs
