Chapter 4-chemical compounds Flashcards

1
Q

Molecule

A

Combination of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

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2
Q

Formula unit

A

Used for ionic compounds as an ions and cat ions do not have a covalent bond

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3
Q

Equivalent weight

A

Amount of a compound that produces one equivalent of a particle in question.

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4
Q

Graham equivalent weight

A

Mass of a compound needed to produce one equivalent of a particle.

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5
Q

Normality (N)

A

Equivalents/volume in L

Molarity= N/n

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6
Q

Law of constant composition

A

A pure sample of a compound will contain the same elements in an identical mass ratio as the reactants are used to form it

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7
Q

Empirical formula

A

The simplest whole number ratio of element in a compound

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8
Q

Molecular formula

A

Actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

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9
Q

Percent composition

A

Mass of element, times number of moles of that element/ molar mass

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10
Q

Combination reactions

A

Use two or more reactants to form one product

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11
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

A single reactant breaks down into multiple products

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12
Q

Combustion reaction

A

Uses a fuel, typically a hydrocarbon, + O2 = resulting in its breakdown and formation of carbon dioxide and water

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13
Q

Single displacement reaction

A

Typically with metals, an atom or ion replaces it’s counterpart in a compound

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14
Q

Double displacement reaction

A

Elements from two compounds trade places

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15
Q

Neutralization reaction

A

And acid reacts with a base to produce a salt

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16
Q

Theoretical yield

A

Maximum amount of a product that can be generated from a predicted balanced equation

17
Q

Actual yield

A

The actual amount of product actually obtained during a reaction

18
Q

Percent yield

A

Actual/theoretical yield

19
Q

Cat ions

A

Positively charged Atoms, typically metals

20
Q

Cations

A

Net charged atoms typically non-metals.

21
Q

Ionic bond

A

Attraction between the positive charge of a cat ion and the negative charge of an anion

22
Q

Electrolytes

A

A solution that enables ionic compounds to freely move allowing for the conductivity of electricity