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My MCAT REview- Chemistry > Chapter 10 - Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Acids And Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Arrhenius acid and base

A

Acid will dissociate to form excess H+ ions

Base will dissociate to form excess OH- ions

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2
Q

Bronsted-Lowry acid and base

A

Acid a species that donates hydrogen

Base a species that excepts hydrogen

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3
Q

Conjugate acid and base

A

A base becomes a conjugate acid, and an acid becomes a conjugate base

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4
Q

Louis acids and bases

A

An acid is an electron pair acceptor

A base is an electron pair donor (would bond to H)

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5
Q

amphoteric species

A

Reacts like an acid in a basic environment, but acts as a base in an acidic environment

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6
Q

Amphiptotic

A

Hey species that can either gain or lose a proton

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7
Q

Auto ionization

A

The tendency for water to form ions of hydroxide and hydronium

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8
Q

The water dissociation constant Kw

A

Kw=10^-14

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9
Q

PH equation

A

PH= -log [H+]

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10
Q

pOH equation

A

-log[OH-]

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11
Q

pH+pOH =

A

14

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12
Q

Strong acids

A 
Hydrochloric acid HCl
Hydrobromic acid HBr
Hydroiodic acid HI
Sulfuric acid H2SO4
Nitric acid HNO3
Perchloric acid HClO4
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13
Q

Strong bases

A

Sodium hydroxide NaOH
Potassium hydroxide KOH
Hydroxides of group 1 metals

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14
Q

Acid dissociation constant

A

Ka=[H3O+][A-]/[HA]

Same for Kb with base products

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15
Q

Neutralization reaction

A

What an acid and base mix to form a salt and water

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16
Q

Acid equivalent

A

One mole of H+

17
Q

Polyvalent

A

One mole of an acid or base contains more than one acid equivalent

18
Q

Acid and base Gram equivalent

A

Molar mass divided by the number of equivalence produced by one mole of the acid or base

19
Q

Equivalence point

A

The point at which all of an acid has reacted with all of the base in solution
Mid point on the steep part of a titration curve

20
Q

Half equivalence point

A

The midpoint of the buffering region

21
Q

PKA determined from a titration curve

A

The value at the flat or buffering region of the curve

22
Q

Buffer solution

A

A mixture of a weak acid and it’s salt

This allows for the acid to either protonate or deportonate to account for small changes in pH

23
Q

Henderson-hasselbach equation

A

pH= pKa + log [A-]/[HA]

24
Q

Buffering capacity

A

The ability of a system to resist change in pH

My MCAT REview- Chemistry (10 decks)

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