Chapter 4: Behavioral Coaching

Question 1

Physical Activity

Answer 1

Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuits (e.g., golfing, gardening, and walking a dog).

Question 2

Adherence

Answer 2

The level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action.

Question 3

Autonomy

Answer 3

Acting in accordance with how one wants to behave.

Question 4

Third space

Answer 4

A communal space, separate from home or work, where the client experiences their own sense of identity and relationship to others.

Question 5

Behavior change techniques (BCTs)

Answer 5

Client interventions that are used to change some determinant of behavior.

Question 6

self efficacy

Answer 6

One’s belief that they can complete a task, goal, or performance; also known as self-confidence.

Question 7

self-monitoring

Answer 7

Observing, measuring, and evaluating one’s own behavior, often in the form of a diary or log

Question 8

Ambivalence

Answer 8

Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation.

Question 9

Determinants of behavior

Answer 9

Refers to the psychological, social, or environmental factors that influence behavior.

Question 10

intention

Answer 10

A construct that captures motivational factors that influence behavior. It indicates how hard people are willing to try and how much effort they are planning to exert.

Question 11

self determination theory

Answer 11

A broad theoretical framework for the study of human motivation.

Question 12

Autonomous motivation

Answer 12

When motives for exercise relate to valuing the outcome, when exercise is consistent with the client’s identity, or when the client enjoys exercise.

Question 13

Planning

Answer 13

A concrete representation of when and where exercise will occur.

Question 14

Attitudes

Answer 14

The degree to which a person has a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the behavior of interest.

Question 15

Outcome expectations

Answer 15

The expected positive and negative consequences of a behavior.

Question 16

Stress

Answer 16

The state of mental or emotional tension from demanding circumstances

Question 17

Perceived behavioral control

Answer 17

An evaluation of whether one has the means, resources, and opportunities to perform a behavior.

Question 18

Affective judgment

Answer 18

Referring to expected pleasure or enjoyment.

Question 19

Subjective norms

Answer 19

Belief that an important person or group of people will approve and support a behavior.

Question 20

Precontemplation

Answer 20

Client does not exercise and is not planning to start exercising within 6 months.

Question 21

Contemplation

Answer 21

When a person is thinking about implementing change but has not yet taken any steps to get started; an individual may take action within the next 6 months.

Question 22

Preparation

Answer 22

The client intends to act in the near future, usually within the next month.

Question 23

Action

Answer 23

The client has made specific modifications in their exercise routine within the past 6 months.

Question 24

Maintenance

Answer 24

The client has been exercising for more than 6 months and is working to prevent relapse.

Question 25

Decisional balance

Answer 25

Reflects the clients’ weighing of the pros and cons of changing.

Question 26

Reflective listening

Answer 26

The process of seeking to understand the meaning of the speaker’s words and restating the idea back to the speaker to confirm that they were understood correctly.

Question 27

Active listening

Answer 27

Listening style that involves having genuine interest in what the speaker is saying; requires the listener to fully concentrate to understand the speaker’s message.

Question 28

Collecting summaries

Answer 28

Short sentences that continue the client’s thoughts and add momentum to the conversation.

Question 29

Linking summaries

Answer 29

Summaries that tie together information the client has presented, perhaps even from previous sessions.

Question 30

Transitional summaries

Answer 30

Summaries used to wrap up a session or announce a shift in focus.

Question 31

Motivational interviewing

Answer 31

Client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence.

Question 32

Self-discrepancy

Answer 32

An internal conflict that occurs when an individual compares their actual self with their ideal self.

Question 33

Implementaation intentions

Answer 33

A behavior change technique that links a goal-directed response to situational cues by specifying when, where, and how to act.

Question 34

Coping plans

Answer 34

A behavior change technique that involves anticipating barriers to goal action and proactively preparing strategies that prioritize intentional behavior over counterproductive habitual responses.

Question 35

Self-talk

Answer 35

Internal dialogue in which the individual interprets feelings and perceptions, regulates and changes evaluations and convictions, and gives himself or herself instructions and reinforcement.

Question 36

Reverse listing

Answer 36

Replacing negative statements with positive statements.

Question 37

Stopping

Answer 37

The act of saying “stop” out loud to undesired statements.

Question 38

Cognitive fusion

Answer 38

When people believe the exact content of their own thoughts.

Question 39

Imagery

Answer 39

The process created to produce internalized experiences.

Question 40

Appearance Imagery

Answer 40

When a person imagines appearance or healthrelated outcomes.

Question 41

Energy Imagery

Answer 41

When a person creates mental images that increase energy and/or relieve stress.

Question 42

Technique imagery

Answer 42

When individuals mentally rehearse their technique.

Question 43

Psyching up

Answer 43

The process to get oneself into a state of psychological readiness for performance.