Chapter 4

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it

Question 2

Stressor

Answer 2

agent/situation that causes stress response

Question 3

Eustress

Answer 3

positive stress, stims person to function properly

Question 4

Distress

Answer 4

negative stress that may result in illness

Question 5

Neustress

Answer 5

neutral stressors that do no affect us immediately or directly but trigger stressful feelings

Question 6

Holistic

Answer 6

perspective that looks at health and person as a whole

Question 7

Acute time-limited stressors

Answer 7

temporary anxiety-provoking situation, prompt immune system

Question 8

Brief stressors

Answer 8

more serious and extended challenge

Question 9

Life-changing events

Answer 9

occurrence that requires some degree of re-adjustment, impact depends on response

Question 10

Chronic stressors

Answer 10

unrelenting demands and pressures that go for an extended time, no clear end point

Question 11

Distant stressors

Answer 11

traumatic experiences that happened long ago but still have emotional impact

Question 12

Microaggressions

Answer 12

subtle racial expressions

Question 13

Microassaults

Answer 13

conscious and intentional actions and slurs

Question 14

Microinsults

Answer 14

verbal and nonverbal communication that subtly convey rudeness and insensitivity

Question 15

Microvalidations

Answer 15

communications that subtly exclude a person of color

Question 16

Burnout

Answer 16

a state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion resulting from constant or repeated emotional pressure

Question 17

Acute stress disorder

Answer 17

disabling symptoms after 3 days-1 month after exposure

Question 18

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 18

the repeated reliving if a trauma through nightmares and recollection, symptoms after first three months

Question 19

Stress response

Answer 19

the cascade of internal changes that mobilize the body’s resources for action to get at peak

Question 20

Homeostasis

Answer 20

body’s natural state of balance or stability

Question 21

Response to stress

Answer 21

• Alarm = body mobilizes
• Resistance = draw on internal resources to keep balance
• exhaustion = normal function becomes impossible

Question 22

Fight or Flight Response

Answer 22

body’s automatic physiological response that prepares to take action upon danger

Question 23

Challenge response

Answer 23

physiological response that strengthens connections between the parts of the brain that suppress fear and enhance learning, prepare to face stressors

Question 24

Tend and befriend model

Answer 24

behavioral response to stress characterized by increased feelings of trust, increasing Oxytocin (caregiving), Dopamine (optimism), Serotonin (perception)

Question 25

Transactional/cognitive relational model

Answer 25

framework for evaluating the process of coping with stressful event in four stages

Question 26

Four stages of cognitive relational model

Answer 26

• Primary appraisal = evaluation of significance of stress
• Secondary = whether you have the power to act
• Coping stage = try a variety of efforts
• Reappraisal = evaluate the outcome in terms of your emotional well-being

Question 27

First signs of stress

Answer 27

• muscle tightness
• tension headaches
• backaches
• upset stomach
• sleep disreuptions

Question 28

Progressive relaxation

Answer 28

method of reducing muscle tension by contracting and then relaxing certain areas of body

Question 29

Visualization

Answer 29

seeing oneself in the state of calmness/wellness/change

Question 30

Biofeedback

Answer 30

technique of becoming aware of internal physiological activity to alter them (with aid of external monitoring devices)

Question 31

Meditation

Answer 31

group of approaches that use quiet sitting to improve concentration and become attuned to self, activates area of brain in charge of autonomic NS

Question 32

Mindfullness

Answer 32

experiencing the physical and mental sensations of the present moment