Chapter 4 Flashcards
Stress
nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it
Stressor
agent/situation that causes stress response
Eustress
positive stress, stims person to function properly
Distress
negative stress that may result in illness
Neustress
neutral stressors that do no affect us immediately or directly but trigger stressful feelings
Holistic
perspective that looks at health and person as a whole
Acute time-limited stressors
temporary anxiety-provoking situation, prompt immune system
Brief stressors
more serious and extended challenge
Life-changing events
occurrence that requires some degree of re-adjustment, impact depends on response
Chronic stressors
unrelenting demands and pressures that go for an extended time, no clear end point
Distant stressors
traumatic experiences that happened long ago but still have emotional impact
Microaggressions
subtle racial expressions
Microassaults
conscious and intentional actions and slurs
Microinsults
verbal and nonverbal communication that subtly convey rudeness and insensitivity
Microvalidations
communications that subtly exclude a person of color
Burnout
a state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion resulting from constant or repeated emotional pressure
Acute stress disorder
disabling symptoms after 3 days-1 month after exposure
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
the repeated reliving if a trauma through nightmares and recollection, symptoms after first three months
Stress response
the cascade of internal changes that mobilize the body’s resources for action to get at peak
Homeostasis
body’s natural state of balance or stability
Response to stress
- Alarm = body mobilizes
- Resistance = draw on internal resources to keep balance
- exhaustion = normal function becomes impossible
Fight or Flight Response
body’s automatic physiological response that prepares to take action upon danger
Challenge response
physiological response that strengthens connections between the parts of the brain that suppress fear and enhance learning, prepare to face stressors
Tend and befriend model
behavioral response to stress characterized by increased feelings of trust, increasing Oxytocin (caregiving), Dopamine (optimism), Serotonin (perception)
Transactional/cognitive relational model
framework for evaluating the process of coping with stressful event in four stages
Four stages of cognitive relational model
- Primary appraisal = evaluation of significance of stress
- Secondary = whether you have the power to act
- Coping stage = try a variety of efforts
- Reappraisal = evaluate the outcome in terms of your emotional well-being
First signs of stress
- muscle tightness
- tension headaches
- backaches
- upset stomach
- sleep disreuptions
Progressive relaxation
method of reducing muscle tension by contracting and then relaxing certain areas of body
Visualization
seeing oneself in the state of calmness/wellness/change
Biofeedback
technique of becoming aware of internal physiological activity to alter them (with aid of external monitoring devices)
Meditation
group of approaches that use quiet sitting to improve concentration and become attuned to self, activates area of brain in charge of autonomic NS
Mindfullness
experiencing the physical and mental sensations of the present moment
