Chapter 4 Flashcards
Psychophysics
study of how physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience
Sensation
stimulation of sense organs
Perception
The selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input
Why are illusions effective?
We rely heavily on sight, much of our sensation and subsequent perception starts with visual cues
Synesthesia
A neurological condition which leads to unusual sensory experiences
Lens
transparent eye structure that focuses the light rays falling on the retina
Pupil
opening in the center of the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye
Retina
neural tissue lining the inside back surface of the eye. Absorbs light, processes images, send visual info to the brain
FLIPS image we see
Cornea
Transparent window at the front of eye
Iris
colored ring of muscle surrounding the pupil
Rods
visual receptors
night and peripheral vision
sensitive to dim light
Cones
Visual receptors
daylight and color vision
visual acuity
Dark adaptation
the process where the eyes become more sensitive to light in low illumination
Light adaptation
the process in which the eyes become less sensitive to light in high illumination
Optic Chiasm
the point at which axons from the inside half of each eye cross over and then project to the opposite half of the brain
Trichromatic Theory
The colors we see are the result of a combination of the differing amount of light absorbed by the 3 types of cones (Red, Green, Blue)
Monochromats
People who are totally colorblind
Dichromats
People who are blond to either red-green or yellow-blue
Opponent Process Theory
Color perception depends on receptors that make antagonistic responses to three pairs of colors
Red-Green, Yellow-Blue, Black-White
Synesthesia
A neurological condition which leads to unusual sensory experiences
Optic disk
a hole in the back of the retina with nerves-Blind spot
Perceptual process
Depends on
- expectations
- attention (inattentional blindness)
- selection of sensory input
Bottom up processing
a progression from individual elements to a whole
Top down processing
a progression from the whole to the elements
