Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is custom?
A repetitive act of a group performed to the extent that it becomes a characteristic of the group
What is a Habit?
A repetitive act that a particular individual performs
Describe and give characteristics of Folk Culture.
- Has an anonymous origin, from unknown sources, at unknown dates
- Transmitted from one location to another more slowly and on a smaller scale, primarily through relocation diffusion
- Small groups, isolated rural areas (Homogeneous people)
- Varies from place to place and changes little over time
Describe and give characteristics of Popular Culture.
- Product of developed countries (N.America & Europe)
- Typically traceable to a specific person or corporation in a particular place
- Follows hierarchical diffusion, diffusing rapidly and extensively from hearths/nodes with the help of modern communication
- Distributed widely across many countries: influenced by ability to access the materials & the obstacle of income to purchase the materials
- Large heterogeneous group; varies little over time but shifts rapidly when changed
Describe characteristics of Folk Music.
- Originated unknown and are transmitted orraly
- may be modified from one generation to the nest but the contents are derived from daily life
- As people migrate folk music travels with them as part of the diffusion
- Folk songs tell a story or convey information about life-cycles events such as birth, death, marriage or environmental
Describe characterisitcs of Popular Music.
- Written by a specific individual for the purpose of being sold to or performed in front of a large number of people
- Popular musicians have more connections with perfomers of similar style
- Makes use of modern electronics
- In the US originates in “Tin Pan Alley” in NYC
What sports does Australia not recognize?
Cricket and Baseball.
How does popular culture originate and diffuse?
Originates in MDC diffuses rapidly through modern communication
What are some examples of folk clothing?
Practical:
-Snow shoes in arctic
-wooden shoes in Netherlands
Cultural:
-Amish people dress for religious belief not practical or environmental reasons (avoid modernization)
-Burqua/Chador reflects cultural attitudes about modesty for women
In Western Countries clothing styles reflects what?
Income/ occupation rather than physical environment
changes seasonally
What are some examples of food taboos associated with religion?
Hebrews/ Jews: Kosher laws and Pork
Muslims: pork
Hindus: Beef
What factors limit access to electronic media?
Lack of money
Lack of infrastructure (cell towers electricity)
Why is watching TV important for popular culture?
Most popular leisure activity
Popular culture rapidly diffuses across Earth such as sports
How has the diffusion of Internet been differ than the diffusion of TV?
Much more rapid pace due to infrastructure already being in place
Where is the internet mos and least available?
Most: North America
Least Subsaharan Africa & Chins
Describe the external threat to folk culture by the diffusion of popular culture.
Popular culture represents western/ American ideas and perspectives. In LDC, countries fear “cultural imperialism”
(US make everyone like Americans)
Describe the internal threat to folk culture by the diffusion of popular culture.
Social media and mobile technology make it harder for governments to control people
What 3 countries dominate worldwide television markets?
Japan= Southeast Asia
UK- Africa
US=Latin America
What are the 4 types of internet content and the regions they are restricted in?
Political- expresses views of opposition towards the gov. or related to human rights, freedom,etc (Middle East & China)
Social- related to sexuality gambling, illegal drugs &alcohol, or something is socially sensitive (Middle East)
Security/Conflict- related to arm conflict, bordering disputes, or internal & international threats (China)
Internet tools- email, internet hosting, or searching (Middle East)
What are the threats to folk culture now and in the future?
Modernization and desire to participate in popular culture leads people to forget /abandon folk customs and sometimes change their values
What are the challenges to popular culture?
Loss of identity resistance (even violent) from some societies
Where did Amish culture originate and in what ways is Amish culture distinct from the popular culture of the United States?
-Bern Switzerland
1600s
-Avoid MODERN CLOTHING AND machinery
How does the diffusion of some popular customs adversely impact environmental quality?
Popular culture produces large amounts of waste
Why do fast food and other companies want to promote a uniform landscape?
Brand recognition people more likely to eat there
